Ta stacja benzynowa jest otwarta do dziesiątej.

Because stacja is a feminine singular noun.

In Polish, demonstratives like this change for gender:

• ten for masculine
• ta for feminine
• to for neuter

So:

• ta stacja = this station

Since stacja is feminine, ta is the correct form.

Otwarta agrees with stacja benzynowa, which is feminine singular.

Polish adjectives and adjective-like words must match the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, stacja is feminine singular, so the form is:

• masculine: otwarty
• feminine: otwarta
• neuter: otwarte

So jest otwarta means is open, with the feminine form because the subject is feminine.

Because do requires the genitive case, and when Polish tells time this way, it often uses an ordinal number rather than a plain cardinal number.

So the structure is:

• do
  • genitive
• implied noun: godzina = hour, which is feminine

The underlying idea is something like:

• do dziesiątej godziny = until the tenth hour

In normal speech, godziny is omitted, leaving:

• do dziesiątej

That is why you do not use dziesięć here.

In Polish, clock times are very often expressed with ordinal numbers because the full expression is based on the word godzina.

Examples:

• o dziesiątej = at ten
• do dziesiątej = until ten
• po dziesiątej = after ten

This is different from English, where we normally use cardinal numbers like ten.

So Polish is really treating the hour as:

• the tenth hour
• the eleventh hour
• the fifth hour

That is why dziesiątej appears here.

It is genitive singular feminine.

Why?

• The preposition do takes the genitive
• The omitted noun is godzina, which is feminine
• So the ordinal has to match that feminine noun in the genitive singular

The forms look like this:

• nominative: dziesiąta
• genitive: dziesiątej

So:

• do dziesiątej = until ten o’clock

In a normal full sentence, yes, jest is the standard form.

• Ta stacja benzynowa jest otwarta do dziesiątej.

You may sometimes see jest omitted in:

• signs
• headlines
• very compressed style

For example:

• Stacja benzynowa otwarta do dziesiątej

That can sound like a notice or label rather than a regular spoken sentence.

So for normal grammar and everyday learning, keep jest.

By itself, it can be ambiguous, just like until ten in English can be.

Usually the context makes it clear. If needed, Polish can add words like:

• rano = in the morning
• wieczorem = in the evening

For example:

• do dziesiątej rano
• do dziesiątej wieczorem

So the sentence alone does not force one meaning; context decides.

It is grammatically possible, but stacja benzynowa is the normal, natural order.

In Polish, descriptive adjectives often come after the noun in established expressions of type or category:

• stacja benzynowa
• szkoła podstawowa
• język polski

So stacja benzynowa is the standard phrase for gas station / petrol station.

No. Another common expression is stacja paliw.

Both are used, though stacja paliw can sound a bit broader or more formal, since paliwa means fuels rather than specifically gasoline/petrol.

So you may hear both:

• stacja benzynowa
• stacja paliw

Both are useful to know.

A rough English-friendly guide is:

ta STA-tsya ben-zih-NO-va yest ot-VAR-ta do джe-SHYON-tey

A few helpful points:

• st in stacja is pronounced clearly
• cja sounds roughly like tsya
• j in Polish sounds like English y
• w in Polish sounds like English v
• dziesiątej has a nasal vowel written ą, which is hard to match exactly in English, but learners can start with something like shyon

A more Polish-like breakdown:

• Ta → ta
• stacja → STA-tsya
• benzynowa → ben-zih-NO-va
• jest → yest
• otwarta → ot-VAR-ta
• do → do
• dziesiątej → je-SHYON-tey

Yes, Polish word order is more flexible than English, but the basic version you have is the most neutral and natural:

• Ta stacja benzynowa jest otwarta do dziesiątej.

You might change the order for emphasis, for example:

• Do dziesiątej ta stacja benzynowa jest otwarta.

That puts more focus on until ten.

But for a learner, the original order is the best one to use first.

The dictionary form is dziesiąty for masculine, or more generally the ordinal tenth.

Like most Polish adjectives, it changes form depending on gender and case:

• masculine nominative: dziesiąty
• feminine nominative: dziesiąta
• feminine genitive: dziesiątej

In this sentence you see dziesiątej because it agrees with the implied feminine noun godzina and follows do, which requires the genitive.