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Questions & Answers about Listopadowy deszcz jest zimny.
Why is there no word for “the” before Listopadowy deszcz?
Polish does not use definite or indefinite articles like the or a. Nouns and adjectives stand alone, and context tells you if you mean something specific (“the November rain”) or general (“November rain”).
What case and number are Listopadowy and deszcz in?
Both are in the nominative singular. Deszcz (rain) is the subject of the sentence, and Listopadowy (November-related) agrees with it in case (nominative) and number (singular).
How is the adjective Listopadowy formed from the noun listopad (November)?
You take the noun listopad and add the suffix -owy to form a relational adjective:
listopad → listopadowy
This means “related to November” or simply “November-…”.
Why does zimny end in -y instead of -a or -e?
Zimny is a masculine singular adjective in the nominative case, so it takes the -y ending. If you described a feminine noun you’d use zimna, and for neuter zimne. Here deszcz is masculine, so zimny matches it.
Why is the verb jest (is) included? Can it be omitted?
In Polish present-tense statements you normally include the copula jest (is). Omitting it (e.g. “Listopadowy deszcz zimny”) sounds poetic or telegraphic. For a clear, neutral sentence you need jest.
Where is the stress in Listopadowy?
Polish stress is almost always on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable.
Listopad-o-wy → Lis-to-pa-DO-wy
Why is listopadowy written with a lowercase l?
In Polish, months and any adjectives derived from them are not capitalized. So you write listopad (November) and listopadowy (November-…) in lowercase.
Can I say Zimny listopadowy deszcz or Deszcz listopadowy jest zimny instead?
Yes.
• Zimny listopadowy deszcz (cold November rain) puts two adjectives before the noun.
• Deszcz listopadowy jest zimny simply flips the adjective and noun positions; it’s grammatical but slightly more formal or emphatic. The standard neutral order is Listopadowy deszcz jest zimny.
What is the gender of deszcz, and how does it affect the sentence?
Deszcz is masculine inanimate. That determines the endings of the adjective (listopadowy) and predicate adjective (zimny)—both must be in the masculine singular nominative form.
How would you form a question: “Is the November rain cold?”
You place Czy at the beginning:
Czy listopadowy deszcz jest zimny?
This simply turns the statement into a yes/no question.