Jesień w parku jest cicha.

to be

Breakdown of Jesień w parku jest cicha.

• w: in
• park: the park
• cichy: quiet
• jesień: the autumn

Questions & Answers about Jesień w parku jest cicha.

Why is Jesień capitalized at the beginning of the sentence?

Like in English, Polish capitalizes the very first word of any sentence—regardless of whether it’s a proper noun or not.

What grammatical gender and number is jesień, and how can I recognize it?

Jesień (“autumn”) is feminine singular.
• Many Polish nouns ending in a soft consonant like -ń are feminine.
• Adjectives or verbs describing jesień will also appear in feminine singular form (e.g. cicha, jest as part of the feminine singular predicate).

Why is parku in that form? What case is it?

Parku is the locative singular of park. After certain prepositions—among them w (“in”)—Polish uses the locative case. Here w parku literally means “in (the) park.”

Why do we use the preposition w rather than na for “in the park”?

Polish distinguishes “in” vs. “on” similarly to English:
• w + locative = inside or within something (e.g. w parku, w domu).
• na + locative = on top of or at an open surface (e.g. na stole “on the table,” na łące “in the meadow”).

Why is cicha used instead of cicho?

Cicha is an adjective in the nominative feminine singular, agreeing with jesień (fem. sg.).
Cicho would be an adverb (“quietly”), not a descriptive adjective. To say “Autumn is quiet,” you need the adjective form.

Why is there no article like “the” or “a” before jesień?

Polish does not have definite or indefinite articles. Context alone tells you whether you mean “autumn” in general or “the autumn” in a specific place.

Can I change the word order to “W parku jesień jest cicha”? Would the meaning change?

Yes, you can start with W parku without changing the basic meaning; Polish word order is relatively flexible.
• “W parku jesień jest cicha” simply emphasizes the location first.
• The default Subject–Verb–Predicate order is common, but moving phrases around shifts the focus or style.

Could I omit jest and say “Jesień w parku cicha”?

No—unlike some languages where the copula can be dropped, in standard Polish you need jest (“is”) to link a subject and its adjective in the present tense. Saying “Jesień w parku cicha” sounds ungrammatical.