On pisze list w salonie.

He is writing a letter in the living room.

Breakdown of On pisze list w salonie.

• on: he
• w: in
• salon: the living room
• pisać: to write
• list: the letter

Questions & Answers about On pisze list w salonie.

Why is the subject pronoun On used here? Isn’t it redundant?

In Polish, verbs carry person and number endings, so pisze already tells you that “he” is doing the action. The pronoun on is often omitted unless you want to emphasize who is doing it, contrast with someone else, or simply for clarity. So you’ll often see Pisze list w salonie without On.

What does pisze mean exactly? Is it “writes” or “is writing”?

Pisze is the imperfective present tense third-person singular of pisać (“to write”). It can mean either “he writes” (habitually) or “he is writing” (right now). Context tells you which sense: if you’re describing an ongoing action at this moment, translate it as “He is writing a letter.”

Why is list not marked with a different ending? How do I know it’s the object?

List is a masculine inanimate noun. In singular, the nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) forms look identical: list. You know it’s the object here because of its position after the verb and because the verb pisze requires a direct object. Polish relies on both case marking and word order.

What case is salonie in, and why is it not spelled salon?

Salonie is the locative singular of salon. Polish uses the locative (with prepositions like w, na) to indicate location. The nominative salon changes to salonie in the locative, which for many masculine nouns ends in -e or -ie.

Why do we say w salonie instead of do salonu?

We use w salonie when someone is inside the living room (location). The preposition w + locative expresses “in/inside.” Meanwhile, do salonu (preposition do + genitive) means “to the living room” (movement toward it).

Can I change the word order—for example, W salonie on pisze list?

Yes. Polish has relatively free word order. W salonie on pisze list, On pisze list w salonie, or even Pisze list on w salonie are all grammatically correct. However, the most neutral and common order is On pisze list w salonie (Subject–Verb–Object–Adverbial). Changing the order can add emphasis or sound more poetic.