Klient sprawdza towar.

Sprawdza is a conjugated verb form, while sprawdzać is the infinitive.

In this sentence, sprawdza means he/she/it checks or is checking. It is the 3rd person singular present tense form of sprawdzać.

A quick comparison:

• sprawdzać = to check
• sprawdzam = I check / am checking
• sprawdzasz = you check / are checking
• sprawdza = he/she checks / is checking

So Klient sprawdza towar literally has the structure Customer checks goods/merchandise.

Klient is the subject of the sentence, so it appears in the nominative singular form.

It is a masculine noun meaning customer or client.

Because the sentence is about the customer doing the action, the nominative is the normal case to use:

• klient = nominative singular
• this answers the question who is doing the action?

So:

• Klient = the customer as the subject
• sprawdza = checks
• towar = the goods / merchandise

Because towar is the direct object of the verb sprawdza, it should be in the accusative case.

However, for many masculine inanimate singular nouns in Polish, the accusative form is the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: towar
• accusative: towar

That is why the sentence uses towar, not towaru.

By contrast, towaru is usually genitive singular, for example:

• Nie ma towaru = There is no goods / merchandise
• cena towaru = the price of the goods

It is in the accusative singular.

Even though it looks the same as the nominative, its function in the sentence is different:

• Klient = nominative subject
• towar = accusative object

A useful rule:

• after many transitive verbs like sprawdzać (to check), the thing being checked goes into the accusative

So the customer is checking what?
Answer: towar

That makes towar the direct object.

No. Polish does not have articles like English a, an, or the.

So Klient sprawdza towar can mean:

• The customer is checking the goods
• A customer checks goods
• The client checks the merchandise

Which one sounds best depends on context.

Polish usually leaves definiteness unstated unless something else makes it clear.

Sprawdzać is imperfective.

That matters because in Polish, aspect is very important. The imperfective verb is used for:

• ongoing actions
• repeated actions
• general facts
• actions seen as in progress

So Klient sprawdza towar suggests something like:

• the customer is checking the goods
• the customer checks the goods

The perfective partner is sprawdzić, which focuses more on a completed check.

For example:

• Klient sprawdza towar = the customer is checking the goods / checks the goods
• Klient sprawdzi towar = the customer will check the goods / will finish checking them

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings help show who is doing what.

The most neutral order here is:

• Klient sprawdza towar.

But you could also say:

• Towar sprawdza klient.
• Sprawdza klient towar.

These alternatives are possible, but they change the emphasis or sound less neutral.

For a learner, the safest default is:

• subject + verb + object
• Klient sprawdza towar.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Klient ≈ KLYENT
• sprawdza ≈ SPRAV-dza
• towar ≈ TO-var

A few helpful points:

• klie- sounds like klye-
• w in Polish sounds like English v
• rz usually sounds like the zh sound in measure, but in sprawdza the sound pattern is shaped by the consonants around it, and learners usually do fine aiming for spravdza
• a is usually a clear ah
• stress in Polish usually falls on the second-to-last syllable

So the sentence stress is roughly:

• KLI-ent spraw-dza TO-war

Grammatically, klient is a masculine noun, and it usually refers to a male customer/client.

If you want to refer specifically to a female customer, you would usually say:

• klientka = female customer

So:

• Klient sprawdza towar. = a male customer is checking the goods
• Klientka sprawdza towar. = a female customer is checking the goods

That said, in some business contexts klient can sometimes be used more generally, but for everyday learning it is best to treat:

• klient = male
• klientka = female

Yes. Towar is a broad noun and can be translated in several ways depending on context:

• goods
• merchandise
• product
• sometimes item

It often refers to goods in a shop, warehouse, shipment, or business setting.

So in this sentence, the most natural English translation might vary:

• The customer is checking the goods.
• The customer is checking the merchandise.
• The customer is checking the product.

The Polish sentence itself does not force just one English choice.