Hun er gravid.

Yes. In Norwegian, gravid is the standard, everyday word for pregnant. It does not sound unusually formal or medical the way English gravid often does.

So Hun er gravid is completely natural everyday Norwegian.

• Hun = the subject pronoun, she
• er = the present tense of å være (to be)
• gravid = an adjective meaning pregnant

So the structure is:

subject + verb + adjective

Because gravid is being used as a predicative adjective after er.

In Norwegian, when an adjective comes after to be, you normally do not use an article.

• Hun er gravid. = correct
• Hun er en gravid. = not correct

But if the adjective comes before a noun, then you use an article as usual:

• Hun er en gravid kvinne. = She is a pregnant woman

Yes, gravid is an adjective.

In Hun er gravid, it stays in the basic form gravid because it describes hun in this sentence.

You may also see other forms in other contexts, especially plural/definite forms such as gravide:

• gravide kvinner = pregnant women
• de gravide kvinnene = the pregnant women

For this sentence, though, gravid is exactly the form you need.

Because Norwegian uses å være (to be) with adjectives to describe a state or condition.

Pregnancy is treated as a state, so you say:

• Hun er gravid.

This works the same way as:

• Hun er trøtt. = She is tired
• Hun er syk. = She is ill

This is the normal word order for a simple main clause:

Hun + er + gravid
subject + verb + complement

Nothing unusual is happening.

A useful thing to know, though, is that Norwegian is a verb-second language in main clauses. So if you move something else to the front, the verb still stays in second position:

• Nå er hun gravid. = Now she is pregnant.

Not:

• Nå hun er gravid. = incorrect

A rough English-style approximation is:

hoon ehr grah-VEED

A few notes:

• Hun has a vowel sound that is not exactly the same as English oo, but hoon is a decent rough guide.
• er is often said quite lightly in normal speech.
• gravid has the main stress on the second syllable: gra-VID

Pronunciation varies by dialect, so exact sounds may differ.

They are closely related, but they do not mean the same thing.

• Hun er gravid = she is pregnant

  • describes her current state

• Hun ble gravid = she became pregnant / got pregnant

  • describes the change into that state

So:

• er gravid = the condition
• ble gravid = the event of becoming pregnant

Yes. You can use it both:

1. Predicatively after er

   • Hun er gravid.

2. Attributively before a noun

   • en gravid kvinne = a pregnant woman

So the adjective can appear in both positions, just like many other Norwegian adjectives.

Yes. Hun is the subject form, like English she.

When it is an object, Norwegian normally uses henne:

• Hun er gravid. = She is pregnant.
• Jeg så henne. = I saw her.

So in this sentence, hun is used because she is the subject of the verb er.