Learn Hardcore Norwegian: Jeg sender rapporten til sjefen i dag.

In Norwegian the present tense often covers both “I am doing something now” and “I will do something later.” So sender can mean “I am sending” or “I will send.” Context (for example i dag) tells you it happens today, but you don’t need a separate future form.

What makes rapporten definite, and why isn’t it just rapport?

In Norwegian you form the definite singular of most masculine/feminine nouns by adding -en (for third‐declension). So rapport (“report”) becomes rapporten (“the report”). Here you’re talking about a specific report you and your boss both know about.

Why is til used before sjefen, and what does it mean?

til is the standard preposition for indicating direction toward a person or thing. In this sentence it translates to “to.” So til sjefen means “to the boss,” i.e. you’re sending something and the boss is the recipient.

Why does sjefen end with -en?

Just like rapporten, sjefen is the definite form of sjef (boss). Adding -en makes it “the boss.” You use the definite form when you refer to a particular boss you both know about.

Why is the time expression i dag placed at the end of the sentence?

Norwegian follows the V2 (verb-second) rule: the finite verb (sender) must come second. You can place adverbs before or after the object, but if you start with i dag, you must still keep V2. So
• Jeg sender rapporten til sjefen i dag. (time at the end)
• I dag sender jeg rapporten til sjefen. (time at the front)

Can I move i dag to a different position, and does it change the meaning?

Yes. Putting i dag at the front emphasizes the time:
• I dag sender jeg rapporten til sjefen.
Putting it at the end keeps a more neutral tone. The basic meaning stays the same.

How would the sentence look if I replaced rapporten with a pronoun?

You would use den for “it” (since rapport is a common gender noun). Then the word order stays V2 and you still include til sjefen and i dag:
• Jeg sender den til sjefen i dag.