Møtelederen gir ordet til andelseieren.

Because -en is the usual definite ending for a masculine noun in Norwegian Bokmål.

• en møteleder = a chairperson / a meeting leader
• møtelederen = the chairperson / the person leading the meeting

Norwegian often attaches the to the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like English does.

It is a compound noun:

• møte = meeting
• leder = leader

So møteleder literally means meeting leader, and in natural English it is often chairperson, chair, or meeting chair.

Gir is the present tense of å gi (to give).

Examples:

• å gi = to give
• jeg gir = I give
• du gir = you give
• han/hun gir = he/she gives

In Norwegian, the present tense form is the same for all persons, so you do not change it the way English does.

Because ordet is the definite form of ord:

• et ord = a word
• ordet = the word

But in this sentence, gi ordet is an idiomatic expression. It does not usually mean literally giving someone a single word. It means to give someone the floor, to let someone speak, or to hand over the right to speak.

So Møtelederen gir ordet til andelseieren means something like:

• The chairperson gives the floor to the shareholder/unit owner.

Yes, very much so. Å gi ordet til noen is a common expression in formal discussions, meetings, debates, and assemblies.

It means:

• to give someone the floor
• to invite someone to speak

Related examples:

• Nå gir jeg ordet til Kari. = Now I give the floor to Kari.
• Han fikk ordet. = He was given the floor / He got to speak.

Because the pattern is å gi noe til noen = to give something to someone.

Here:

• ordet = what is given
• til andelseieren = to whom it is given

So the structure is:

• Møtelederen = subject
• gir = verb
• ordet = direct object
• til andelseieren = prepositional phrase showing the recipient

In English, we often say both:

• give the floor to the shareholder
• give the shareholder the floor

Norwegian usually uses til in this expression.

Andelseieren is the definite form of andelseier.

It is another compound noun:

• andel = share, stake, portion
• eier = owner

So andelseier literally means share owner or stakeholder/owner of a share.

Depending on context, it can mean things like:

• shareholder
• member-owner
• co-op owner
• owner of a unit/share in a housing cooperative

The exact English translation depends on the situation.

For the same reason as møtelederen: it is the definite singular form of a masculine noun.

• en andelseier = a shareholder / a share-owner
• andelseieren = the shareholder / the share-owner

So the sentence refers to a specific person, not just any shareholder.

Yes. This is standard Norwegian main-clause word order:

• Møtelederen = subject
• gir = verb
• ordet = object
• til andelseieren = prepositional phrase

So it follows the common pattern:

Subject + Verb + Object + Other information

That is very similar to English here.

Not perfectly. A very literal translation would be:

• The meeting leader gives the word to the shareholder.

That is understandable, but not the most natural English in this context. Better translations are:

• The chairperson gives the floor to the shareholder.
• The chair gives the floor to the shareholder.
• The chairperson lets the shareholder speak.

So this is a good example of where the meaning is clear, but the most natural translation is slightly idiomatic.

A learner-friendly approximation:

• møtelederen ≈ MUR-teh-leh-deh-ren
• andelseieren ≈ AHN-del-sigh-eh-ren

A few notes:

• ø does not exist in English; it is somewhat like the vowel in French deux or German schön.
• ei in eier often sounds like English eye.
• The r sound is Norwegian, so it may sound different depending on dialect.

If you are learning Bokmål, remember that spelling is standard, but pronunciation can vary by region more than in English.

Not if you mean the chairperson and the shareholder in a normal sentence like this.

Without the definite endings, you would get something more like:

• A chairperson gives the floor to a shareholder

That would be:

• En møteleder gir ordet til en andelseier.

So the endings matter:

• møtelederen = the chairperson
• andelseieren = the shareholder

In your original sentence, both people are specific, so the definite forms are correct.