Han bærer geværet.

Here is the breakdown:

• Han = he

  • a subject pronoun

• bærer = carries / bears

  • the present tense of å bære (to carry, to bear)

• geværet = the rifle

  • gevær = rifle
  • -et = the definite ending for a neuter noun, so geværet literally means the rifle

So the structure is:

subject + verb + object

• Han = subject
• bærer = verb
• geværet = object

Because bærer is the present tense form.

The infinitive is:

• å bære = to carry

The present tense is:

• bærer = carries / is carrying

This is very common in Norwegian: many verbs form the present tense with -er.

For example:

• å snakke → snakker
• å kjøpe → kjøper
• å bære → bærer

So:

• Han bære geværet would be wrong
• Han bærer geværet is correct

It can mean several related things, depending on context.

å bære can mean:

• to carry
• to bear
• to wear (in some contexts, especially clothing or something physically worn)

Examples:

• Han bærer en koffert. = He is carrying a suitcase.
• Hun bærer en rød kjole. = She is wearing a red dress.

In Han bærer geværet, the natural meaning is He is carrying the rifle.

In Norwegian, the definite article is usually added to the end of the noun.

So instead of putting the before the noun, Norwegian often attaches it as an ending.

For this noun:

• et gevær = a rifle
• geværet = the rifle

This is one of the biggest differences from English.

Compare:

• English: the rifle
• Norwegian: gevær + et = geværet

So -et here functions like English the.

Because they mean different things:

• et gevær = a rifle / one rifle

  • indefinite

• geværet = the rifle

  • definite

So:

• Han bærer et gevær. = He is carrying a rifle.
• Han bærer geværet. = He is carrying the rifle.

The sentence you were given uses the definite form.

Yes, gevær is a neuter noun.

That is why its indefinite form is:

• et gevær = a rifle

And its definite singular form is:

• geværet = the rifle

Its common forms are:

• et gevær = a rifle
• geværet = the rifle
• geværer = rifles
• geværene = the rifles

Unfortunately, you often just have to learn whether a noun is en, et, or sometimes allows variation. The form geværet tells you this noun is neuter, because the definite ending is -et.

Yes, in this simple sentence the order is basically the same as English:

subject + verb + object

• Han = subject
• bærer = verb
• geværet = object

So it works like:

• He carries the rifle

This is normal Norwegian word order in a main clause when the subject comes first.

A useful rule is that Norwegian main clauses usually follow the V2 rule: the finite verb comes in the second position. In this sentence, that gives:

• Han | bærer | geværet

If another element came first, the verb would still stay second:

• I dag bærer han geværet. = Today he is carrying the rifle.

A rough English-friendly guide:

• Han ≈ hahn
• bærer ≈ something like BEH-rer, but with the Norwegian æ sound
• geværet ≈ roughly geh-VEH-ret, again with æ

A few pronunciation notes:

• æ is pronounced somewhat like the vowel in English cat, but the exact sound is Norwegian, so it may sound a bit different.
• The r sound is Norwegian, not exactly like most English r sounds.
• In geværet, the ending -et is usually pronounced clearly.

If you want a very rough approximation:

• Han bærer geværet ≈ hahn BEH-rer geh-VEH-ret

That is only approximate, but it can help as a starting point.

It can be either, depending on context.

The Norwegian present tense often covers both:

• He carries the rifle
• He is carrying the rifle

So Han bærer geværet could mean:

• a general fact or habit
• something happening now

Norwegian often does not need a separate progressive form like English is carrying. Context usually tells you which meaning is intended.

Yes, but it means something different.

• Han bærer geværet = He is carrying the rifle
• Han har geværet = He has the rifle

So:

• bærer focuses on physically carrying it
• har focuses on possession or having it with him

They are related, but not identical.

The dictionary form is the infinitive:

• å bære = to carry / to bear

If you see bærer in a sentence and want to look it up, you should search for:

• bære

That is because bærer is just an inflected form of the verb.

So when using a dictionary:

• sentence form: bærer
• dictionary form: å bære or just bære