Bompengene er betalt.

Bompengene is the definite form of bompenger, which means toll charges, toll money, or simply the toll in many contexts.

It is a compound word:

• bom = toll gate / barrier
• penger = money

So bompenger literally means something like toll money, but in real use it usually refers to the road toll itself.

Because -ne is the usual definite plural ending in Bokmål.

So:

• bompenger = tolls / toll money
• bompengene = the tolls / the toll money

Norwegian often puts the equivalent of the at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word.

This is a very common thing to notice.

The word penger means money, but grammatically it is plural in Norwegian. Because bompenger contains penger, the whole expression is treated as plural in form.

So even if English uses singular the toll, Norwegian may use a plural-looking form:

• bompenger
• bompengene

This is one of those cases where you should learn the expression as a whole.

Literally, er betalt means is/are paid.

In natural English, this sentence is often understood as:

• The toll has been paid
• The toll is paid

It usually describes the result: the payment is already taken care of.

Because har betalt normally needs a person or thing that did the paying as the subject.

For example:

• Jeg har betalt bompengene. = I have paid the toll.

But in Bompengene er betalt, the subject is not the person who paid. The subject is the thing that has been paid.

So er + past participle is used to express a passive or result meaning:

• Bompengene er betalt. = The toll has been paid.

Betalt is the past participle of the verb betale (to pay).

Forms of the verb:

• infinitive: å betale
• present: betaler
• past: betalte
• past participle: betalt

In this sentence, betalt works with er to describe the state/result of the payment.

Yes, in effect it is.

Bompengene er betalt does not say who paid the toll. It focuses on the fact that the toll payment is completed.

That is why it feels passive in English:

• The toll has been paid

If you want to say who did it, Norwegian often switches to an active sentence:

• Jeg har betalt bompengene. = I have paid the toll.

Yes, but it means something slightly different.

• Bompengene er betalt
  Focuses on the present result: the toll is now paid.

• Bompengene ble betalt
  Focuses more on the event in the past: the toll was paid.

A simple way to remember it:

• er betalt = result/state
• ble betalt = past event

Because Norwegian usually adds definiteness to the noun itself.

Compare:

• en bil = a car
• bilen = the car

And here:

• bompenger = toll money / toll charges
• bompengene = the toll money / the toll charges

So the idea of the is already built into bompengene.

The sentence has normal Norwegian statement word order:

• Bompengene = subject
• er = verb
• betalt = past participle / complement

So it follows the basic pattern:

• Subject + verb + rest

If you turn it into a yes/no question, the verb comes first:

• Er bompengene betalt? = Has the toll been paid?

You have a few options.

If you want an active sentence:

• Jeg har betalt bompengene. = I have paid the toll.
• Hun har betalt bompengene. = She has paid the toll.

If you want to keep the passive structure:

• Bompengene er betalt av firmaet. = The toll has been paid by the company.

In everyday Norwegian, the active version is often more natural when the payer is known.