Skattemeldingen er ferdig.

Because Norwegian usually writes compound nouns as a single word. Here, the parts are:

• skatt = tax
• melding = message, notice, statement

Together, skattemelding is the standard word for the tax return or tax statement.

It marks the noun as definite singular. In English, you would usually use the. So:

• skattemelding = tax return / tax statement
• skattemeldingen = the tax return / the tax statement

Because Norwegian usually adds definiteness to the end of the noun instead of putting a separate article in front. English says the tax return; Norwegian says skattemeldingen.

That is a very common pattern in Norwegian.

Er means is here. It is the present tense of å være, which means to be.

So:

• jeg er = I am
• du er = you are
• han/hun er = he/she is

It can mean both. In this sentence, ferdig means that the tax return is complete, finished, or ready.

Norwegian ferdig often covers both ideas:

• Jeg er ferdig = I am finished / I am done
• Maten er ferdig = The food is ready

Here it is a predicate adjective after er, and ferdig is the normal singular form.

A useful comparison is:

• Skattemeldingen er ferdig = The tax return is finished
• Skattemeldingene er ferdige = The tax returns are finished

So the plural form is ferdige, but the singular here is ferdig.

Yes. That is also possible.

The noun melding can be treated as feminine in Bokmål, so you may see:

• en skattemelding → skattemeldingen
• ei skattemelding → skattemeldinga

Both are acceptable in Bokmål. Skattemeldingen is very common, while skattemeldinga may sound more feminine or more dialect-colored, depending on the speaker or writer.

This version is standard Bokmål.

A common Nynorsk version would be:

• Skattemeldinga er ferdig

The structure is basically the same, but the noun ending is different.

You usually put the verb first in a yes-no question:

• Skattemeldingen er ferdig. = The tax return is finished.
• Er skattemeldingen ferdig? = Is the tax return finished?

That verb-first pattern is very common in Norwegian.

More or less, yes. Selvangivelse is the older term, while skattemelding is the modern official term.

So if you see both words, they generally refer to the same kind of document, but skattemelding is the term you are more likely to meet in current official Norwegian.

A rough English-friendly guide is:

• SKAT-te-mel-ding-en er FER-di

A few quick notes:

• The main stress in skattemeldingen is at the beginning: SKAT
• The r in er is a Norwegian r, which varies by dialect
• g at the end of ferdig is often not pronounced like a strong English g

You do not need perfect pronunciation right away; getting the rhythm and stress roughly right is a good start.