Saya akan menelefon ibu saya sebelum saya pulang ke rumah.

Because the sentence has two clauses, and each clause has its own subject:

• Saya akan menelefon ibu saya = I will call my mother
• sebelum saya pulang ke rumah = before I go home

Malay usually states the subject clearly in each clause, so repeating saya sounds natural.

Akan marks future time, so here it means something like will.

• Saya akan menelefon ibu saya = I will call my mother
• Without akan, Saya menelefon ibu saya could sound more like I call / am calling / call regularly, depending on context.

In everyday Malay, akan is often omitted if the future meaning is already clear from context or time words. But in this sentence, it helps make the meaning explicit.

In Malay, possessors usually come after the noun.

• ibu saya = my mother
• rumah saya = my house
• buku Ali = Ali’s book

So the basic pattern is:

noun + possessor

This is different from English, where my comes before the noun.

Menelefon directly takes an object, just like English call.

• menelefon ibu saya = call my mother
• not menelefon kepada ibu saya in normal usage

So ibu saya is the direct object of menelefon.

Telefon is the base word, a noun or root related to telephone.
Menelefon is the verb form meaning to phone / to call.

Malay often uses the meN- verb prefix to form active verbs:

• telefon → menelefon
• baca → membaca
• tulis → menulis

So menelefon is the normal active verb here.

Pulang specifically means to return home or to go back home.
That makes it a very good choice here, because the sentence ends with ke rumah.

Compare:

• pergi = go
• balik = return / go back
• pulang = return home / go home

So saya pulang ke rumah is more specific than just saya pergi.

Both can mean return / go back, but there is a slight difference:

• pulang often has a stronger sense of going home
• balik is more general: go back / return

Examples:

• Saya pulang ke rumah = I’m going home
• Saya balik ke pejabat = I’m going back to the office

In casual speech, balik is very common even for going home, but pulang is a good, standard choice here.

Ke is a preposition meaning to or toward for places and directions.

• ke rumah = to home / home
• ke sekolah = to school
• ke bandar = to town

So saya pulang ke rumah literally means I return to home, though natural English is just I go home.

Malay does not use articles the same way English does. There is no direct equivalent of the or a/an in many ordinary sentences.

So:

• rumah can mean house or the house, depending on context
• ke rumah can mean to the house or, more naturally here, home

Malay relies a lot on context instead of articles.

Sebelum means before, and it introduces the time clause:

• sebelum saya pulang ke rumah = before I go home

This works much like English before + clause.

The full structure is:

• main clause: Saya akan menelefon ibu saya
• time clause: sebelum saya pulang ke rumah

So the sentence literally follows the pattern:

I will call my mother before I go home.

Yes. You can say:

Sebelum saya pulang ke rumah, saya akan menelefon ibu saya.

This means the same thing. Malay allows this kind of reordering, just like English:

• I will call my mother before I go home.
• Before I go home, I will call my mother.

Both are natural.

Because pulang ke rumah already commonly means go home. In this context, it is usually understood to mean the speaker’s home.

If you say rumah saya, you make it more explicit:

• pulang ke rumah = go home
• pulang ke rumah saya = go to my house / return to my house

So the shorter version is natural when the meaning is obvious.

Yes, often it could be omitted:

Saya menelefon ibu saya sebelum saya pulang ke rumah.

In context, this may still be understood as a future action, especially in conversation. But without akan, the sentence is a bit less explicitly future-marked.

Using akan is helpful for learners because it clearly shows will.

It is basically neutral and standard Malay.

• saya is polite/neutral for I
• ibu is a standard word for mother
• akan, menelefon, sebelum, and pulang are all standard

In casual speech, people might use more everyday alternatives, such as:

• mak instead of ibu
• telefon instead of menelefon
• balik instead of pulang

But the original sentence is perfectly natural and correct.

Yes, in everyday speech many speakers do use telefon as a verb:

• Saya akan telefon ibu saya

This is common and natural in conversation.
However, menelefon is a more fully derived verb form and may sound a bit more standard or careful.

So both can be acceptable, depending on style.