Pagi ini, awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.

Breakdown of Pagi ini, awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.

rumah
the house
perlahan
slowly
saya
my
pagi ini
this morning
bergerak
to move
putih
white
awan
the cloud
di atas
above
Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Malay grammar and vocabulary.

Start learning Malay now

Questions & Answers about Pagi ini, awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.

Why is pagi ini at the beginning of the sentence, and do we need the comma?

Putting the time expression pagi ini (this morning) at the start is very common in Malay to set the time frame, similar to “This morning, …” in English.

You can also say:

  • Awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya pagi ini.

Both are correct. The comma after pagi ini is stylistic; it helps readability but is not strictly required in everyday writing.

What is the difference between pagi ini, pagi tadi, and tadi pagi?

All three involve the morning, but there’s a nuance:

  • pagi inithis morning (still part of “today”; usually said while it is still the same day).
  • pagi tadi / tadi pagiearlier this morning (more clearly in the past, even though it’s still the same day).
    • pagi tadi and tadi pagi mean the same thing; the order is flexible.

In your sentence, pagi ini is neutral about whether the action is just now or a bit earlier this morning; context decides.

Does awan putih mean a white cloud or white clouds? How do you show plural?

Awan putih can mean either a white cloud or white clouds. Malay normally does not mark plural if it isn’t necessary. Context tells you whether it’s singular or plural.

If you really want to emphasize that there are many clouds, you can say:

  • awan-awan putih – white clouds (clearly plural)
  • banyak awan putih – many white clouds

The basic form awan putih is intentionally flexible in number.

Why is it awan putih and not putih awan? Where do adjectives go in Malay?

In Malay, descriptive adjectives usually come after the noun:

  • awan putih – white cloud(s)
  • rumah besar – big house
  • baju merah – red shirt

So the pattern is noun + adjective, unlike English, which is usually adjective + noun.
Putting putih before awan is not correct in standard Malay.

What exactly does bergerak mean, and how is it different from gerak or menggerakkan?
  • gerak is the root, meaning movement or to move in a very bare sense.
  • bergerak is intransitive: to move (by itself, no direct object).
    • awan putih bergerak – the white clouds move / are moving.
  • menggerakkan is transitive: to move something (there is an object).
    • Angin menggerakkan awan putih. – The wind moves the white clouds.

So in your sentence, bergerak is correct because the clouds are moving by themselves; you’re not saying what is moving them.

How is perlahan working here? Is it an adjective or an adverb? Could I say dengan perlahan or perlahan-lahan instead?

Perlahan can act both as an adjective (slow) and as an adverb (slowly). In bergerak perlahan, it functions as an adverb: move slowly.

You have some stylistic options:

  • bergerak perlahan – move slowly (simple, natural)
  • bergerak dengan perlahan – move slowly (a bit more explicit/formal; literally move with slowness)
  • bergerak perlahan-lahan – move very slowly / gently (more gradual, lingering feeling)

All three are grammatically correct; your original version is the most neutral and common.

Is there any difference between perlahan and pelan?

They are very close in meaning and often interchangeable in casual speech:

  • perlahan – standard, a bit more formal; common in writing and speech.
  • pelan – widely used in colloquial Malay, especially in Malaysia; considered more informal.

In a neutral sentence like yours, bergerak perlahan is slightly more standard than bergerak pelan, but both will be understood.

What exactly does di atas rumah saya mean? Is it above my house or on my house?

Di atas can mean on (in contact with the surface) or above (not touching), depending on context.

  • di atas meja – on the table (usually touching)
  • kapal terbang terbang di atas rumah saya – a plane flies above my house

With awan (clouds), we naturally understand di atas rumah saya as above my house, not literally touching it. If you want to be extra clear it’s in the sky, you can say:

  • di langit di atas rumah saya – in the sky above my house.
Why is it di atas, not just atas? When do we use di?

Di is a preposition meaning at / in / on, and it normally comes before place nouns:

  • di rumah – at home
  • di meja – on the table
  • di atas rumah – above/on the house

Atas alone can appear in some fixed expressions or more colloquial speech, but standard grammar for a location phrase uses di + place:

  • standard: di atas rumah saya
  • more casual / shortened (spoken): atas rumah saya (heard, but less formal)
Why is it rumah saya and not saya rumah for my house?

Malay normally puts the possessed thing first, then the owner:

  • rumah saya – my house
  • buku kamu – your book
  • kereta dia – his/her car

So the pattern is noun + pronoun.
Saya rumah is ungrammatical.

You might also hear rumah saya versus rumah aku, where saya is more polite/formal and aku is more intimate/informal.

Could this sentence mean “The white clouds are moving slowly above my house” (present), or only “moved” (past)?

The verb bergerak itself is not marked for tense. Time is shown mostly by context words like pagi ini and by the situation.

So your sentence can mean:

  • The white clouds are moving slowly above my house this morning.
  • The white clouds moved slowly above my house this morning.

To emphasize a present continuous action, you could add sedang:

  • Pagi ini, awan putih sedang bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.
    – This morning, the white clouds are (in the process of) moving slowly…

To emphasize that it’s completed in the past, you could add tadi or a past marker like tadi / telah, depending on nuance:

  • Pagi tadi, awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.
  • Pagi ini, awan putih telah bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.
How would I turn this into a yes–no question like “Are white clouds moving slowly above my house this morning?”?

In spoken Malay, you mainly use intonation; the word order can stay the same:

  • Pagi ini, awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya?
    (said with a questioning tone)

More formal options:

  • Adakah awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya pagi ini?
  • Awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya pagi ini, bukan?
    (…, right?)

All are understood as yes–no questions; adakah adds a clear question marker in more formal style.

Is it okay to remove pagi ini or move it to another position?

Yes. Pagi ini is optional and movable; it just gives time information.

Variations:

  • Awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya.
    – The white clouds move/moved slowly above my house.
  • Awan putih bergerak perlahan di atas rumah saya pagi ini.
  • Di atas rumah saya, awan putih bergerak perlahan pagi ini. (more marked, poetic)

The meaning core (clouds moving slowly above my house) stays; pagi ini simply adds when.