Learn Hardcore Malay: Kilang itu menghasilkan roti manis setiap pagi. - That factory produces sweet bread every morning.

Bold Itu bold is a demonstrative meaning “that” and, by extension, “the (specific/known).” It points to a particular factory the speaker and listener both know about.

Bold kilang itu bold = that/the specific factory
Contrast: bold kilang ini bold = this factory (near the speaker)
Without any demonstrative, bold kilang bold can be generic or non‑specific.

Why does bold itu bold come after bold kilang bold instead of before it?

In Malay, demonstratives follow the noun: Noun + bold ini/itu bold.

Correct: bold kilang itu bold
Incorrect: bold itu kilang bold (for “that factory”)

Can I omit bold itu bold?

Yes. Omitting it makes the subject non‑specific or generic:

Bold Kilang menghasilkan roti manis setiap pagi bold = A/any factory produces sweet bread every morning (generic or context-dependent). Keep bold itu bold when you mean a particular, identifiable factory.

What’s the difference between bold kilang bold, bold bakeri bold, bold kedai roti bold, and bold kilang roti bold?

Bold kilang bold = factory/plant (general).
Bold kilang roti bold = a bread factory (industrial scale).
Bold bakeri bold = bakery (where bread/pastries are baked; can be artisanal).
Bold kedai roti bold = bread shop (retail outlet; may or may not bake on site). Choose based on scale and function.

Is bold menghasilkan bold the best verb here? How does it differ from bold membuat bold, bold membakar/memanggang bold, or bold mengeluarkan bold?

Bold menghasilkan bold = to produce/turn out (focus on output/result). Neutral and natural for factories.
Bold membuat bold = to make (broad, everyday).
Bold membakar/memanggang bold = to bake/roast (focus on the cooking method).
Bold mengeluarkan bold = to bring out/issue/put out; can mean “to produce” in a commercial sense (e.g., a company puts out products/models). In Malaysian Malay, bold menghasilkan bold or bold mengeluarkan bold are common for industrial production; bold memproduksi bold is more Indonesian.

How is bold menghasilkan bold formed morphologically?

It’s derived from bold hasil bold (result/yield/product):

Prefix bold meN- bold + root bold hasil bold + suffix bold -kan bold → bold menghasilkan bold.
The prefix surfaces as bold meng- bold before H (assimilation rule: meN- → meng- before vowels, g, h, k).
Suffix bold -kan bold often adds a causative/applicative sense: “to cause X to be produced.” Related forms:
Bold hasil bold = result/yield/product.
Bold penghasilan bold = production/yield (in Malay, “income” is usually bold pendapatan bold).
Bold berhasilan/berhasil bold is uncommon in Malaysian Malay; bold berjaya bold is preferred for “succeed.”

What would the passive version of the sentence look like?

Bold Roti manis dihasilkan oleh kilang itu setiap pagi. bold Notes:

Bold dihasilkan bold = is produced.
The agent phrase bold oleh kilang itu bold can be dropped if it’s obvious: bold Roti manis dihasilkan setiap pagi. bold

Where can the time phrase bold setiap pagi bold go?

Common placements:

End: bold Kilang itu menghasilkan roti manis setiap pagi. bold
Fronted (with a comma): bold Setiap pagi, kilang itu menghasilkan roti manis. bold Avoid splitting the verb and its object: bold Kilang itu menghasilkan setiap pagi roti manis bold sounds unnatural.

Are there alternatives to bold setiap pagi bold? Any pitfalls to avoid?

Natural alternatives: bold tiap pagi bold (shorter, informal), bold saban pagi bold (literary/regional).
Different meaning: bold pagi-pagi bold = early in the morning; bold pagi-pagi buta bold = very early.
Avoid: bold di setiap pagi bold and bold setiap hari pagi bold (both are unidiomatic in Malay).

How do I say “every morning at six o’clock”?

Bold Setiap pagi pukul enam, kilang itu menghasilkan roti manis. bold
Bold Kilang itu menghasilkan roti manis setiap pagi pukul 6. bold You can also add bold pada bold for formality: bold Setiap pagi pada pukul 6.00. bold

How is tense or habitual meaning shown in Malay here?

Malay verbs don’t conjugate for tense. Habitual meaning is shown with time/frequency words:

Habitual: bold setiap bold, bold selalu bold, bold biasanya bold.
Past: bold sudah bold / bold telah bold (already).
Future: bold akan bold (will). Your sentence uses bold setiap pagi bold to show habit.

Does bold roti manis bold mean one sweet bread or many?

It’s number‑neutral; context decides. To be explicit:

Plural/quantity: bold banyak roti manis bold (many), bold beberapa biji roti manis bold (several buns), bold dua belas biji roti manis bold (12 buns).
Classifiers: bold biji bold (for small round items like buns), bold ketul bold (chunk/piece), bold buah bold (general classifier for objects).

Why is it bold roti manis bold and not bold manis roti bold?

Adjectives follow the noun in Malay: Noun + Adjective.

Bold roti manis bold = sweet bread. Use bold yang bold to build longer descriptions or contrasts:
Bold roti yang sangat manis bold = bread that is very sweet.
Bold roti yang manis bold can sound contrastive (the sweet bread, not the other kind).

Can I write bold roti-roti manis bold to show plural?

Reduplication can mark plurality (bold roti-roti bold), but for food items it often feels unnecessary or stylistically heavy. Malay typically leaves nouns unmarked and uses numerals/quantifiers/classifiers when needed.

Any quick pronunciation tips for the words?

Approximate syllables and sounds:

bold kilang bold = kee-lahng (final bold ng bold is a single nasal sound)
bold menghasilkan bold = meng-ha-sil-kan (bold meng- bold as “muhng-”)
bold roti bold = roh-tee
bold manis bold = mah-nees
bold setiap bold = suh-tee-ap (first vowel is a schwa)
bold pagi bold = pah-gee Malay generally has even stress, often slightly favoring the second-to-last syllable.

Can I use bold tersebut bold instead of bold itu bold?

Yes, but it’s more formal/written and means “the aforementioned.”

Neutral: bold kilang itu bold
Formal/report style: bold kilang tersebut bold