Penggal jawatankuasa itu berakhir tahun ini.

Here penggal means a term, period of office, or tenure.

So in penggal jawatankuasa itu, it refers to the period during which that committee officially serves.

A few related words:

• penggal = term, session, period
• tempoh = duration, length of time
• masa = time

In this sentence, penggal is the most natural choice if you mean an official term of service.

Yes. Malay often shows this kind of relationship by putting two nouns together.

So:

• penggal jawatankuasa itu

literally works like:

• term committee that

but the natural English meaning is:

• the committee's term
• the term of that committee

This is a very common Malay pattern. The first noun is the main thing, and the second noun tells you what it is associated with.

Compare:

• rumah Ali = Ali's house
• ketua jabatan = head of department / department head
• mesyuarat jawatankuasa = committee meeting

Because Malay usually does not need a separate word like of or an ending like 's to show possession or association.

Instead, it often just places the nouns next to each other:

• penggal jawatankuasa itu = the committee's term
• buku guru itu = that teacher's book
• nama sekolah = the school's name / name of the school

So this structure is normal Malay grammar, not an omission.

Itu literally means that, but in many contexts it also works a bit like the, especially when the noun is already known or specific.

So jawatankuasa itu can mean:

• that committee
• the committee

Which one sounds better in English depends on context.

In this sentence, itu marks the committee as something specific and identifiable.

Compare:

• jawatankuasa = a committee / committee
• jawatankuasa itu = that committee / the committee

Berakhir is the verb here, meaning to end or to come to an end.

The root is akhir, which is related to end or final. Adding ber- often forms an intransitive verb, meaning the subject undergoes the action itself rather than acting on something else.

So:

• berakhir = to end, to come to an end

Example:

• Mesyuarat itu berakhir pada pukul 5.
  = The meeting ended at 5.

By contrast:

• mengakhiri usually means to end something

  Example:

• Mereka mengakhiri mesyuarat itu.
  = They ended the meeting.

So in your sentence, the term itself is ending, so berakhir is the right form.

Because Malay often uses time expressions directly, without a preposition.

So:

• berakhir tahun ini = ends this year

This is completely normal.

Other examples:

• Saya datang esok. = I’m coming tomorrow.
• Dia lahir tahun lepas. = He/She was born last year.
• Kami bertolak pagi ini. = We left this morning.

Malay does use prepositions for time in some cases, such as pada, but not always. With expressions like tahun ini, no preposition is needed.

Malay often does not mark the future unless it needs to be especially clear.

The phrase tahun ini already gives the time reference, so berakhir tahun ini is enough to mean ends this year or will end this year, depending on context.

If you want to make the future more explicit, you could say:

• Penggal jawatankuasa itu akan berakhir tahun ini.

Here akan means will.

But in many everyday sentences, Malay leaves out akan when the time is already obvious.

Yes. The subject is Penggal jawatankuasa itu = the committee's term.

Then the predicate is:

• berakhir tahun ini = ends this year

So the sentence structure is:

• [Subject] Penggal jawatankuasa itu
• [Verb + time expression] berakhir tahun ini

This is a very typical Malay sentence pattern.

Yes, sometimes, especially if you want to emphasize the time expression.

For example:

• Tahun ini, penggal jawatankuasa itu berakhir.

This is still natural and means the same thing, with extra focus on this year.

But the original order:

• Penggal jawatankuasa itu berakhir tahun ini.

is the most straightforward neutral version.

You might hear tempoh in some contexts, but it is not exactly the same.

• penggal is better for an official term of office, session, or tenure
• tempoh usually means duration or length of time

So for a committee serving an official term, penggal is the better word.

Compare:

• penggal perkhidmatan = term of service
• tempoh dua tahun = a period of two years

So your sentence sounds more natural with penggal.

You could use a more explicit possessive structure, such as:

• Penggal bagi jawatankuasa itu berakhir tahun ini.

This means something like:

• The term for that committee ends this year.

However, the original:

• Penggal jawatankuasa itu berakhir tahun ini.

is already natural and concise. Malay often prefers the shorter noun+noun structure unless extra clarity is needed.

It is normally written as one word: jawatankuasa.

It means committee.

You may also see it abbreviated as:

• JK

Example:

• ahli jawatankuasa = committee member
• mesyuarat jawatankuasa = committee meeting

So in your sentence, jawatankuasa itu simply means that committee or the committee.