Questions & Answers about Hoc unguentum dolorem in latere lenit.
Why is it hoc unguentum and not haec unguentum?
Because unguentum is a neuter singular noun, and the demonstrative hic, haec, hoc has to agree with it in gender, number, and case.
- unguentum = neuter singular nominative
- so the matching form is hoc
So hoc unguentum means this ointment.
What case is hoc unguentum, and how do we know?
It is nominative singular.
You can tell because it is the subject of the sentence: the ointment is the thing doing the action of soothing.
Also, the verb lenit is third-person singular, which matches a singular subject:
- hoc unguentum = this ointment
- lenit = soothes
So the basic structure is:
- hoc unguentum = subject
- dolorem = direct object
- lenit = verb
Why is dolorem in the accusative?
Because dolorem is the direct object of lenit.
The verb lenire means to soothe, relieve, alleviate, and the thing being soothed is put in the .