Breakdown of Hospes panem edere cupit, sed vinum hodie deest.
Questions & Answers about Hospes panem edere cupit, sed vinum hodie deest.
Hospes is the subject of cupit. It’s in the nominative singular.
It’s a 3rd-declension noun: nominative hospes, genitive hospitis. It can be masculine or feminine depending on context (guest/host).
Panem is the direct object of edere (to eat), so it takes the accusative.
Dictionary form is panis, panis (m.), and panem is its accusative singular.
Because cupit (wants/desires) commonly takes a complementary infinitive in Latin:
cupit edere = wants to eat.
So edere depends on cupit and doesn’t carry tense/person on its own.
Edere is the present active infinitive of edo (to eat). It has some irregular/quirky forms. Common principal parts are:
edo, edere, edi, esum.
(Some forms can look like forms of sum; see the separate question on that.)