sangdaebangi gyotongsagoro darireul dachyeosseoyo.

상대방 literally means the other person, the other party, or the other side.

In everyday Korean, it is often used when talking about:

• a conversation partner
• the person on the other side of a situation
• the other party in an accident, dispute, deal, etc.

In this sentence, it most naturally means the other person involved, such as the other person in the traffic accident.

이 is the subject marker. It shows that 상대방 is the subject of the sentence:

• 상대방이 = the other person (as the subject)

So the sentence is telling us something that happened to that person.

A learner might compare:

• 상대방이: focuses on the other person as the subject
• 상대방은: would sound more like as for the other person..., possibly contrasting them with someone else

Here, 이 is the neutral and natural choice.

교통사고 means traffic accident or car accident.

The particle 로 here shows cause or reason, so 교통사고로 means:

• because of a traffic accident
• in a traffic accident
• due to a traffic accident

So this is not the direction meaning of 로. It is the cause/by means of usage.

Compare:

• 교통사고로 다쳤어요 = got injured in a traffic accident
• 교통사고 때문에 다쳤어요 = also possible, with a similar meaning, but a little more explicitly because of

In this sentence, 로 is very natural.

Korean often does not use possessives like his, her, or their when the owner is obvious from context.

So:

• 다리를 다쳤어요 literally looks like hurt the leg
• but naturally it means hurt his/her/their leg

Because the subject is already 상대방이, Korean does not need to repeat whose leg it is. This is very common with body parts.

For example:

• 머리가 아파요 = My head hurts / I have a headache
• 손을 다쳤어요 = I hurt my hand

English usually needs the possessive, but Korean often leaves it out.

를 is the object marker.

The verb 다치다 means to get hurt / to be injured, and the body part can appear as the object:

• 다리를 다치다 = to injure one’s leg
• 팔을 다치다 = to injure one’s arm

So in this sentence:

• 다리 = leg
• 다리를 = leg + object marker

This structure is very normal in Korean.

The dictionary form is 다치다, which means to get hurt or to be injured.

다쳤어요 breaks down like this:

• 다치- = verb stem
• -었- = past tense marker
• -어요 = polite ending

So:

• 다치다 = to get hurt
• 다쳤어요 = got hurt / was injured

It is a very common verb for injuries.

This is a good question because it does not match English perfectly.

In English, we often say:

• He hurt his leg
• She injured her arm

In Korean, 다치다 usually means to get hurt / be injured, so it behaves more like an intransitive idea overall. However, Korean still commonly marks the injured body part with 을/를:

• 다리를 다쳤어요
• 손을 다쳤어요

So even though the person is the one who got injured, the body part is still marked like an object.

The best way to learn it is as a common Korean pattern:

• [body part]을/를 다치다

By itself, 다리 means leg, singular.

So 다리를 다쳤어요 most naturally means injured his/her leg or injured a leg.

If Korean wants to clearly say both legs or legs in a plural sense, it can do so more explicitly, for example:

• 다리들을 (grammatically possible, but often unnatural in normal speech)
• 양쪽 다리 = both legs
• 다리 두 쪽 or other more specific phrasing depending on context

In ordinary Korean, nouns often do not have to show plural unless it matters.

다쳤어요 is in the polite informal style, often called the -어요/-아요 style.

It is polite and very common in everyday conversation.

Compare:

• 다쳤어요 = polite, natural in conversation
• 다쳤습니다 = more formal
• 다쳤어 = casual, used with close friends or younger people

So this sentence sounds polite but not stiff.

Yes, Korean word order is somewhat flexible, as long as the particles make the roles clear.

The basic sentence is:

• 상대방이 교통사고로 다리를 다쳤어요.

You may also hear variations like:

• 상대방이 다리를 교통사고로 다쳤어요.
• 교통사고로 상대방이 다리를 다쳤어요.

However, the original order sounds very natural:

• subject → cause → object → verb

Because Korean particles show grammatical function, changing the order is often possible, but some orders sound more natural than others depending on what is being emphasized.

Yes, if the context already makes it clear who you are talking about.

Korean often omits subjects when they are understood. So in context, someone might simply say:

• 교통사고로 다리를 다쳤어요.

That could mean:

• He/She injured his/her leg in a traffic accident
• The other person injured their leg in a traffic accident

The full sentence includes 상대방이 because the speaker wants to clearly identify who got hurt.

They are related, but not the same.

• 다치다 = to get injured
  • usually from an accident, impact, or physical harm
• 아프다 = to hurt / be painful / be sick

Examples:

• 다리를 다쳤어요. = He/She injured a leg.
• 다리가 아파요. = His/Her leg hurts.

So after a traffic accident, 다치다 is the more appropriate verb if the person was actually injured. 아프다 focuses more on pain or sickness, not necessarily an injury event.

Yes, it sounds very natural.

This pattern is common in Korean:

• [cause/event]로
• [body part]을/를 다치다

For example:

• 넘어져서 손을 다쳤어요. = I fell and injured my hand.
• 운동하다가 발목을 다쳤어요. = I injured my ankle while exercising.
• 교통사고로 목을 다쳤어요. = I injured my neck in a traffic accident.

So the sentence is a very standard and useful pattern to learn.