seonsaengnimi malhan daero yeonseuphaeyo.

말한 comes from the dictionary form 말하다, which means to say, to tell, or to speak.

Here, 말한 is the past adnominal form of the verb. That means it is a verb form used to modify the next word, almost like that the teacher said in English.

So:

• 선생님이 말한 = what the teacher said / the thing the teacher said

This does not mean the whole sentence is past tense. It only means the saying happened before the action of practicing.

대로 means according to, as, or in the way that.

So 말한 대로 means:

• as (someone) said
• according to what (someone) said
• the way (someone) said

In this sentence, it gives the idea of following the teacher’s instructions or example.

Here, 선생님이 marks 선생님 as the subject of 말한.

In other words:

• 선생님이 말한 = the teacher said

The particle 이/가 is often used when you are identifying who did the action inside a clause like this.

If you said 선생님은 말한 대로 연습해요, it would sound different, because 은/는 marks a topic and can add contrast or emphasis. In many neutral sentences like this, 이/가 is the most natural choice.

It helps to break it into pieces:

• 선생님이 = the teacher
• 말한 = said
• 대로 = according to / as
• 연습해요 = practice / am practicing / will practice

So the structure is:

• [선생님이 말한] 대로 연습해요
• I practice as the teacher said

A useful thing to notice is that Korean puts the modifying part before what it modifies. So instead of saying according to what the teacher said, Korean literally builds it more like:

• teacher said + as/according to + practice

Both are possible, but they mean slightly different things.

• 말한 대로 = as was said, according to what was said
  • This points to something the teacher already said.
• 말하는 대로 = as the teacher says / as the teacher is saying
  • This can sound more like following instructions in real time, or following what the teacher generally says.

So in your sentence, 말한 대로 is natural if the speaker means they are practicing according to instructions the teacher gave.

연습해요 is the polite non-past form of 연습하다.

That means it can mean:

• I practice
• I am practicing
• I will practice

The exact time depends on context.

So even though English usually forces you to choose between present and future, Korean often uses this non-past form more flexibly.

Korean often leaves out information that is understood from context.

So 연습해요 by itself is completely natural if everyone already knows what is being practiced.

For example, the omitted object might be something like:

• 발음을 연습해요 = practice pronunciation
• 문장을 연습해요 = practice sentences
• 한국어를 연습해요 = practice Korean

In your sentence, the important point is how the person practices, not exactly what they practice.

Not exactly.

• 대로 means according to, in the way that, or following exactly
• 처럼 means like or similar to

So:

• 선생님이 말한 대로 = according to what the teacher said
• 선생님처럼 = like the teacher

대로 is about following instructions, words, rules, or an existing pattern. 처럼 is about resemblance or similarity.

Yes. 선생님께서 is a more honorific version of 선생님이.

So:

• 선생님이 말한 대로 연습해요 = normal polite
• 선생님께서 말한 대로 연습해요 = more respectful toward the teacher

Both are grammatically correct. The version with 께서 shows extra respect and is common when talking about someone like a teacher, doctor, or other respected person.

If you want to tell someone Practice as the teacher said, you would usually say:

• 선생님이 말한 대로 연습하세요.

Here:

• 연습해요 = polite statement
• 연습하세요 = polite command/request

So the original sentence sounds like a statement such as I practice as the teacher said or We practice as the teacher said, while 연습하세요 tells someone to do it.