gawiga eobseumyeon teipeureul jareugi eoryeowoyo.

Because 가위 is the thing that exists or does not exist in this sentence, so it takes the subject marker 가.

• 가위가 없으면 = if there are no scissors / if you don’t have scissors
• 없다 usually marks what is missing with 이/가

So here, 가위 is not the object of an action. It is the thing being described as absent.

Compare:

• 가위가 없어요. = There are no scissors / I don’t have scissors.
• 가위를 찾았어요. = I found the scissors.
  Here, 가위 is the object, so it takes 를.

없으면 is the conditional form of 없다.

Breakdown:

• 없다 = to not exist, to not have
• -으면 = if / when

So:

• 없으면 = if there isn’t / if you don’t have

In this sentence, 가위가 없으면 naturally means:

• if there are no scissors
• or more naturally in English, if you don’t have scissors

Korean often uses 있다/없다 where English uses have / don’t have.

Because 테이프 is the object of the verb 자르다 (to cut).

• 테이프를 자르다 = to cut tape

The particle 을/를 marks the direct object, meaning the thing that receives the action.

So in this sentence:

• 테이프를 = tape as the thing being cut

자르기 is the verb 자르다 changed into a noun-like form.

Breakdown:

• 자르다 = to cut
• 자르기 = cutting / to cut (as an activity or action)

This -기 form is often used when talking about an action as a concept.

So:

• 테이프를 자르기 어려워요 literally means cutting tape is difficult

This is why you do not see 자르다 어려워요.
The adjective 어렵다 needs something noun-like before it, and -기 does that.

어려워요 is the polite present form of 어렵다, which means to be difficult.

So:

• 자르기 어려워요 = it is difficult to cut
• more literally, cutting is difficult

This pattern is very common:

• V-기 어려워요 = it is difficult to V
• V-기 쉬워요 = it is easy to V

Examples:

• 이 책은 읽기 어려워요. = This book is difficult to read.
• 그 문은 열기 쉬워요. = That door is easy to open.

Because Korean often leaves out the subject when it is obvious from context.

In English, we often need something like:

• it’s hard to cut tape
• you can’t easily cut tape
• it’s difficult for me to cut tape

In Korean, the subject is often omitted if it is not important or can be understood from the situation.

So 테이프를 자르기 어려워요 does not explicitly say:

• who finds it difficult
• who is cutting
• for whom it is difficult

Context supplies that information.

Usually 가위 refers to scissors as one tool, much like English a pair of scissors.

English treats scissors as a plural-looking word, but Korean does not work that way.
In Korean, 가위 is just the normal noun for the tool.

So:

• 가위가 있어요. = There are scissors / I have scissors.
• 가위 두 개 can mean two pairs of scissors

Korean does not have the same singular/plural behavior that English scissors has.

Korean word order is flexible, but this order is very natural.

The sentence is organized like this:

• 가위가 없으면 = condition: if there are no scissors
• 테이프를 자르기 어려워요 = main statement: it’s hard to cut tape

So the structure is:

• if X, Y

This is a very common pattern in Korean.

You could move things around in some cases for emphasis, but the original order is the most straightforward and natural for learners.

Yes. That is a very natural English translation.

Even though the Korean literally uses if there are no scissors, English often translates it more naturally as:

• Without scissors, it’s hard to cut tape.

That is because 가위가 없으면 describes the condition of lacking scissors, and English often expresses that with without.

Yes, and it would sound very natural.

Both can mean it’s hard to cut:

• 자르기 어려워요 = it is difficult to cut
• 자르기 힘들어요 = it is hard to cut

There is a slight nuance difference sometimes:

• 어렵다 often sounds more like difficult
• 힘들다 often sounds more like hard / tough / physically or practically difficult

In this sentence, both are fine:

• 가위가 없으면 테이프를 자르기 어려워요.
• 가위가 없으면 테이프를 자르기 힘들어요.

테이프 is a loanword from English tape.

Korean has many loanwords, especially for modern objects and materials.
The pronunciation is adapted to Korean sound patterns, so tape becomes 테이프.

You still attach normal Korean particles to it:

• 테이프를 = tape + object marker
• 테이프가 = tape + subject marker

So even though it is a loanword, it behaves like a normal Korean noun.

A natural pronunciation is approximately:

• 가위가 업쓰면 테이프를 자르기 어려워요

A few notes:

• 없으면 is written that way, but it sounds closer to 업쓰면
• 어려워요 sounds like 어려워요, with the 워 clearly pronounced

Romanization:

• gawiga eopseumyeon teipeureul jareugi eoryeowoyo

But if you are learning pronunciation, Korean script and listening practice are much better than relying on romanization.