isya ga hone wo mimasita.

They are particles that show each noun’s role.

• 医者が: が marks 医者 as the subject, the person doing the action.
• 骨を: を marks 骨 as the direct object, the thing being looked at.

So the basic structure is:

• 医者 = doctor
• が = subject marker
• 骨 = bone
• を = object marker
• 見ました = looked / saw

Both can appear after 医者, but they do slightly different jobs.

• が marks the grammatical subject and often gives it focus.
• は marks the topic and can sound more like as for... or create contrast.

So:

• 医者が骨を見ました。
  Focuses on the doctor as the one who did the action.
• 医者は骨を見ました。
  Means something like As for the doctor, he/she looked at the bone.

In a simple standalone sentence like this, が is very natural.

Japanese normally puts the verb at the end of the sentence.

A very common basic order is:

• Subject + Object + Verb

So here:

• 医者が = subject
• 骨を = object
• 見ました = verb

This is different from English, which usually uses Subject + Verb + Object.

見ました is the polite past affirmative form of 見る.

Breakdown:

• Dictionary form: 見る
• Polite non-past: 見ます
• Polite past: 見ました

So 見ました means saw or looked at in polite speech.

That is a normal Japanese writing pattern.

• 見 is the kanji that carries the main meaning.
• ました is the grammatical ending written in hiragana.

This hiragana ending is called okurigana when attached to a kanji word stem. Japanese often mixes kanji and hiragana in the same word form.

They are pronounced:

• 医者 = いしゃ
• 骨 = ほね

And the verb:

• 見ました = みました

So the whole sentence is read:

いしゃ が ほね を みました。

By itself, Japanese usually does not force you to mark singular vs. plural.

So 骨 can mean:

• bone
• bones

The same is true for 医者:

• doctor
• doctors

Context usually tells you which is meant. In many beginner translations, it is often shown as singular, but the Japanese itself does not require that.

No. Standard Japanese normally does not use spaces between words.

This sentence would usually be written as:

医者が骨を見ました。

Spaces are often added in beginner materials to make it easier to see the parts of the sentence.

Good question. 見る is a broad verb meaning see, look at, or sometimes check depending on context.

In medical situations, Japanese also has 診る, which is also read みる, and is used specifically for examining medically.

So:

• 骨を見ました = looked at the bone / saw the bone
• 骨を診ました = examined the bone medically

Your sentence with 見ました is grammatically fine, but 診ました could sound more specifically medical depending on what is meant.

Yes. Japanese often omits information that is clear from context, especially the subject.

For example, if everyone already knows the doctor is the one acting, you might simply say:

• 骨を見ました。

That would still be a complete natural sentence in context. Japanese relies heavily on context, much more than English does.

The particles make the roles clear, so Japanese word order is more flexible than English. However, the verb usually stays at the end.

For example, these can still be understood:

• 骨を医者が見ました。
• 医者が骨を見ました。

Both are grammatical, but the emphasis can feel slightly different. The most neutral beginner-friendly order is the one you were given:

医者が骨を見ました。