Breakdown of asita ha tomodati to ranti wo tabemasu.
はha
topic particle
をwo
direct object particle
食べるtaberu
to eat
友達tomodati
friend
とto
companion particle
明日asita
tomorrow
ランチranti
lunch
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Questions & Answers about asita ha tomodati to ranti wo tabemasu.
Why is 食べます placed at the end of the sentence?
Japanese typically follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, so the verb always comes last. In 明日 は 友達 と ランチ を 食べます:
• 明日 は sets “tomorrow” as the topic (time)
• 友達 と shows accompaniment (“with a friend”)
• ランチ を marks the direct object (“lunch”)
• 食べます is the verb (“eat/will eat”)
Why is there no explicit subject like “I” in this sentence?
Japanese often omits the subject when it’s clear from context. Here, it’s obvious you’re talking about what you will do tomorrow, so you don’t need to say 私 or 僕.
What is the function of the particle は after 明日?
は marks 明日 as the topic of the sentence. It emphasizes “as for tomorrow…” before stating what will happen.
I’ve seen に used after time expressions. Why isn’t there に after 明日 here?
While you can say 明日に友達とランチを食べます, time words like 今日・明日・昨日 often drop に when they become the topic with は (e.g. 明日 は). You don’t combine に and は (you can’t say 明日に は).
What does the particle と mean in 友達 と?
と indicates accompaniment: “together with.” Here 友達 と means “with a friend.” If you wanted to say “friend and I,” you could also use 一緒に (e.g. 友達と一緒にランチを食べます).
Why is を used after ランチ?
を marks the direct object of the action. Since lunch is what you’re eating, ランチ takes を before the verb 食べます.
Why is ランチ in katakana instead of a native Japanese word?
ランチ is a loanword from English. You could alternatively use the native terms 昼ごはん（ひるごはん） or 昼食（ちゅうしょく）. Choosing ランチ often sounds more casual or “Western‐style.”
What kind of verb form is 食べます?
食べます is the polite present/future tense (the -ます form) of 食べる. It makes the sentence polite and is appropriate for most everyday conversations with people you’re not extremely close to.
Can I use the plain form 食べる instead of 食べます?
Yes. In casual speech with friends you’d say:
明日（は）友達とランチを食べる。
Dropping は before 友達 is also common in casual style.
Are the spaces between words required in written Japanese?
No. Native Japanese writing normally doesn’t use spaces. They’re added here to help learners see each word and particle clearly.