uekae to sentei wo suru.

It is read:

うえかえ と せんてい を する。

• 植え替え = うえかえ
• 剪定 = せんてい
• する = to do

Japanese normally would not be written with spaces like this, but spaces are often added in learning materials to make the parts easier to see.

In this sentence, both are being used as noun-like action words.

• 植え替え is the noun form / stem form of 植え替える.
• 剪定 is a suru-noun, meaning it can combine with する to mean to prune.

So the sentence is built like:

• 植え替え = repotting / transplanting
• 剪定 = pruning
• をする = do

This is why the whole sentence has the feel of do repotting and pruning.

と connects the two items: 植え替え and 剪定.

So:

• 植え替えと剪定 = repotting and pruning

Here, と works like and in English when you are listing items clearly and completely.

Because 植え替えと剪定 is treated as one combined object of する.

So the structure is:

• [植え替え と 剪定] を する
• [repotting and pruning] do

Japanese often puts one particle after the whole combined phrase rather than after each item individually.

Japanese often expresses actions by using a noun + する pattern.

That makes this sentence sound like naming a task or activity:

• 植え替えと剪定をする = do repotting and pruning

This is very natural in contexts like:

• gardening plans
• to-do lists
• instructions
• talking about scheduled work

If you wanted, you could also use verb forms, but the sentence would be structured differently.

Yes.

For example, you could say:

• 植え替えて、剪定する。

That means something like repot and prune.

The difference is mostly in how the action is framed:

• 植え替えと剪定をする sounds like naming two tasks as a set
• 植え替えて、剪定する sounds more like describing actions in sequence

So the original sentence has a slightly more task-list / work-item feel.

する is the plain non-past form.

In Japanese, the non-past can mean:

• present, depending on context
• future, depending on context
• a general statement
• a planned action

So this could mean things like:

• I do repotting and pruning
• I will do repotting and pruning
• To repot and prune (in a list or heading)

The exact meaning depends on the situation.

Because Japanese often leaves out the subject when it is already understood from context.

So 植え替えと剪定をする。 does not explicitly say who is doing it. Depending on context, it could mean:

• I do / will do it
• we do / will do it
• you do / will do it
• someone does / will do it

This omission is completely normal in Japanese.

It depends on the situation.

• する is plain style
• します is polite style

So:

• 植え替えと剪定をする。 = plain
• 植え替えと剪定をします。 = polite

Use します when speaking politely or writing in a more formal way. Use する in casual speech, notes, diaries, or plain written style.

It is a normal word, especially in gardening, landscaping, and plant care, but it is a bit specialized compared with very basic beginner vocabulary.

It specifically means pruning. In casual explanation, someone might instead describe the action more simply, depending on the context.

Also, the kanji 剪 is not very common for beginners, so you may often need to learn this word as a vocabulary item rather than trying to guess it from the characters.

No. Standard Japanese normally does not use spaces between words like this.

So normally you would write:

植え替えと剪定をする。

The spaced version is just for learners, to make the sentence easier to read and analyze.

Yes, but the nuance changes.

• と = a complete, definite list: A and B
• や = A and B and things like that

So:

• 植え替えと剪定をする = do repotting and pruning
• 植え替えや剪定をする = do things like repotting and pruning

Use と when those are the exact tasks you want to name. Use や when they are examples, not necessarily the full list.