pasokon ga deeta wo syorisimasu.

が marks パソコン as the grammatical subject of the sentence: it is the thing doing the processing.

So in this sentence, パソコンが means the computer as the subject.

If you used は instead, the nuance would change. は marks the topic, so パソコンはデータを処理します would sound more like as for the computer, it processes data. That can work too, but it has a slightly different feel.

A simple way to remember it:

• が = identifies the subject
• は = introduces the topic

を marks the direct object of the verb, meaning the thing that receives the action.

Here, データを処理します means that data is the thing being processed.

So:

• パソコンが = the computer does the action
• データを = the data receives the action
• 処理します = processes

In modern Japanese, the particle を is usually pronounced just like お.

So データを処理します is pronounced as if it were データおしょりします.

Even though it is written を, when it is used as a particle, learners can usually think of its pronunciation as o.

Japanese sentences normally place the main verb at the end.

That means the basic pattern is often:

subject + object + verb

So this sentence follows a very common Japanese order:

• パソコンが = subject
• データを = object
• 処理します = verb

This is different from English, which usually uses:

subject + verb + object

So English says The computer processes data, but Japanese naturally says The computer data processes in terms of word order.

処理します is the polite non-past form of the verb.

A few important points:

• します is the polite form of する, which means to do
• 処理する means to process
• 処理します is the polite version of 処理する

The non-past form in Japanese can mean:

• present habitual: processes
• future: will process

So depending on context, 処理します can mean either processes or will process.

Yes. This is a very common Japanese pattern.

処理 is a noun meaning something like processing or treatment, and when you add する, it becomes a verb:

• 処理する = to process

Many Japanese verbs work this way, especially formal or technical ones. These are often called suru-verbs.

Examples:

• 勉強する = to study
• 電話する = to call
• 処理する = to process

So 処理します is the polite form of that suru-verb.

Japanese uses different writing systems for different kinds of words.

• パソコン is in katakana because it is a borrowed word
• データ is also in katakana because it comes from English data
• 処理 is written in kanji because it is a native Sino-Japanese vocabulary item commonly written that way

Katakana is often used for:

• loanwords
• foreign names
• technical terms
• emphasis

Kanji is often used for core content words like nouns, verbs, and adjectives.

パソコン is short for パーソナルコンピューター, which means personal computer.

In everyday Japanese, パソコン usually means a PC or computer used by a person, such as a desktop or laptop.

It is very common in daily speech. In many situations, it is the natural word a Japanese speaker would use instead of a longer form.

No, not in ordinary Japanese writing.

Japanese is usually written without spaces, so this sentence would normally appear as:

パソコンがデータを処理します。

Spaces are often added in textbooks or beginner materials to make the sentence structure easier to see. That is probably why they are included here.

It is read しょりします.

So the full sentence is read:

パソコン が データ を しょりします

Or without spacing:

パソコンがデータをしょりします

A rough pronunciation guide:

• パソコン = pa-so-kon
• データ = dee-ta / day-ta-like Japanese pronunciation
• を = o
• 処理します = sho-ri-shi-ma-su

Yes.

Because 処理します is non-past, it can refer to:

• something that happens regularly: The computer processes data
• something that will happen: The computer will process data

Japanese often relies on context to show whether the meaning is present or future.

For example:

• as a general statement: The computer processes data
• in a manual or explanation of what will happen next: The computer will process data

Yes, very often.

Japanese frequently leaves out information that is obvious from context. So in a real conversation, speakers might simply say:

データを処理します。

or even just:

処理します。

if it is already clear who or what is doing the processing and what is being processed.

The full sentence is useful for learning because it clearly shows the grammar, but real Japanese often sounds less explicit than textbook examples.