I bambini giocano a pallone nel cortile finché non fa buio.

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Questions & Answers about I bambini giocano a pallone nel cortile finché non fa buio.

Why is it giocano a pallone and not giocano pallone or giocano con un pallone?

• In Italian, the verb giocare takes the preposition a before the name of a sport or game: giocare a calcio, giocare a tennis, giocare a pallone.
• These are fixed expressions, so you don’t add an article.
• Saying giocano con un pallone would literally mean “they play with a ball” in a general sense (tossing or kicking any ball), not “they play soccer.”

Could we say giocano con la palla instead?

giocare con la palla means “to play with the ball” (e.g. rolling, throwing, catching it).
• It’s not used to indicate the sport of soccer; for that you always say giocare a pallone.

What’s the difference between pallone and palla?

pallone is a large ball (e.g. a soccer ball).
palla is a smaller ball (e.g. tennis ball, beach ball, kids’ bouncy ball).
• The idiom giocare a pallone specifically evokes the traditional “playing soccer/ball” scene in Italian culture.

Why is it nel cortile and not in cortile or al cortile? Can we drop the article?

nel cortile is the contraction of in + il and refers to a specific courtyard.
• You can also hear in cortile, which speaks of “the courtyard” in a more general or habitual sense.
al cortile is incorrect here: location inside an enclosed space uses in, not a.

Why do we say finché non fa buio? What’s the role of non?

• In Italian, finché non (= “until”) is a set phrase; the non is not negating fa buio, it’s part of the conjunction.
• You always pair finché with non when marking the end-point of an action: finché non torna (“until he returns”), finché non smette (“until it stops”).

Can we use fino a quando or fino a che instead of finché?

• Yes. Both fino a quando non fa buio and fino a che non fa buio mean exactly the same as finché non fa buio.
finché is more concise; fino a quando/​fino a che are slightly more formal or emphatic.
• In everyday speech you may also hear people drop the non after quando, but prescriptively it stays.

Why is it fa buio and not diventa buio or si fa buio?

• The impersonal verb fare is common to express weather or ambient changes: fa caldo, fa freddo, fa buio (it gets dark).
• You can say diventa buio (“it becomes dark”), which is correct but less idiomatic.
si fa buio is quite rare; the standard expression is simply fa buio.