Il gatto è piccolo.

The cat is small.

Breakdown of Il gatto è piccolo.

• il gatto: the cat
• essere: to be
• piccolo: small

Questions & Answers about Il gatto è piccolo.

Why do we use il in il gatto rather than something like un or gatto by itself?

In Italian, the definite article il indicates that we are talking about a specific cat or a cat that is understood from context. If you say un gatto, it emphasizes “a cat” in a more general sense. Using gatto alone is not typical in standard Italian when you want to say “the cat.”

Why is it gatto (masculine) instead of gatta (feminine)?

Nouns in Italian have gender. Gatto is the masculine form and gatta is the feminine form. The word gatto is often used by default; you’d use gatta if you specifically wanted to refer to a female cat. Otherwise, gatto is entirely acceptable, even if the cat’s gender is unknown or irrelevant.

Why do we say è (third-person singular of “essere”) rather than another form like sono or sei?

In Italian, the verb essere (to be) changes form depending on the subject. Since we have a single cat (third-person singular), we use è. For example:
• Io sono (I am)
• Tu sei (You are)
• Lui/Lei è (He/She/It is)
• Noi siamo (We are)
• Voi siete (You all are)
• Loro sono (They are)

Why is piccolo placed after è rather than before gatto?

In Italian, descriptive adjectives typically come after the noun they modify when making a simple statement about the noun. However, both word orders can be correct in many cases, though the placement can slightly change the emphasis. For instance: • Il gatto è piccolo (“The cat is small”) is a straightforward statement.
• Il piccolo gatto (“The small cat”) also sounds natural, but usually you’d say it when you’re describing or introducing the cat in the context of other cats or other animals.

How would the sentence change if we were talking about multiple cats?

For multiple cats, we need to adjust both the article and the adjective for the plural form: • I gatti sono piccoli (“The cats are small”).
• Here, i is used instead of il, gatti is the plural noun, and sono is the plural form of essere for “they,” while piccoli is the plural masculine adjective form.