Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan.

Because this sentence is in the passive voice.

• dilakukan = done / carried out
• The prefix di- often marks a passive verb in Indonesian.

So Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan focuses on the inspection as the thing receiving the action, not on who did it.

A rough active version would be:

• Mereka sudah melakukan pemeriksaan berkala itu. = They have already carried out that periodic inspection.

Indonesian uses passive forms very naturally, often more often than English does.

dilakukan comes from the root laku, in the verb melakukan.

A helpful way to think about it is:

• melakukan = to do / to carry out
• dilakukan = to be done / to be carried out

So:

• meN- forms an active verb
• di- forms a passive verb
• -kan is part of the verb formation here and helps make lakukan / melakukan mean do, carry out

You do not need to overanalyze laku by itself in this sentence; the important vocabulary item is really melakukan / dilakukan.

It is a noun.

• periksa = to examine / inspect or examination depending on context
• pemeriksaan = inspection, examination, check

The pattern peN-...-an often forms a noun related to an action or process.

So here:

• pemeriksaan berkala = periodic inspection / routine inspection

This is not the verb of the sentence. The verb is dilakukan.

berkala means periodic, regular, or done at intervals.

It comes after pemeriksaan because in Indonesian, describing words often follow the noun they describe.

So:

• pemeriksaan berkala = periodic inspection

This is similar to many other Indonesian noun phrases:

• mobil merah = red car
• jadwal harian = daily schedule
• pemeriksaan berkala = periodic inspection

English usually puts the adjective before the noun, but Indonesian often puts it after.

itu here marks the noun phrase as that or the one we are talking about.

So:

• pemeriksaan berkala itu = that periodic inspection / the periodic inspection

In context, itu often works a lot like the in English, even though Indonesian does not have a direct word exactly equivalent to the.

It usually appears after the noun phrase:

• buku itu = that book
• rumah besar itu = that big house
• pemeriksaan berkala itu = that periodic inspection

Because in Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun they modify.

So Indonesian says:

• buku itu = that book
• orang ini = this person

And with a noun plus modifier:

• pemeriksaan berkala itu literally: inspection periodic that

Natural English: that periodic inspection

This word order is completely normal in Indonesian.

sudah means already, and it shows that the action has been completed.

So:

• sudah dilakukan = has already been carried out / was already done

It does not work exactly like an English tense ending. Indonesian does not change the verb for past tense the way English does. Instead, words like sudah, sedang, akan, or context help show time and aspect.

Compare:

• dilakukan = is done / was done / be done depending on context
• sudah dilakukan = has been done / was already done

It can mean either, depending on context.

Indonesian verbs do not mark tense the same way English verbs do. The sentence itself mainly tells you that the action is completed, because of sudah.

So in English, possible translations include:

• That periodic inspection has already been carried out.
• The periodic inspection was already carried out.

The surrounding context decides which is best.

Yes. The grammatical subject is:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu

That whole noun phrase is the thing being talked about.

Then:

• sudah dilakukan = has already been carried out

So the structure is roughly:

• [Subject] + [aspect marker] + [passive verb]

Here:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu = subject
• sudah = completion marker
• dilakukan = passive verb

The sentence does not say who did it.

That is very normal in Indonesian, especially in passive sentences. The speaker may not know, may not care, or may simply want to focus on the result rather than the doer.

If you want to mention the doer, Indonesian can do that, for example:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan oleh teknisi. = That periodic inspection has already been carried out by the technician.

But leaving out the doer is very common.

Yes, often it can.

• sudah = common, everyday, very frequent
• telah = more formal or written

So:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan.
• Pemeriksaan berkala itu telah dilakukan.

Both are correct and mean nearly the same thing. In everyday speech, sudah is usually more common.

No, that sounds unnatural.

sudah normally comes before the verb or predicate it modifies.

So the natural order is:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan.

Not:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu dilakukan sudah.

Indonesian word order is often quite flexible in some areas, but this sentence strongly prefers sudah dilakukan.

Yes. It is a very natural combination meaning something like:

• periodic inspection
• routine inspection
• regular check

You will often see berkala with nouns related to schedules, maintenance, reports, or evaluations, for example:

• pemeliharaan berkala = periodic maintenance
• laporan berkala = periodic report
• evaluasi berkala = regular evaluation

So pemeriksaan berkala is a useful chunk to remember as a phrase.

It sounds neutral to somewhat formal, and it would fit well in administrative, technical, medical, or workplace contexts.

Reasons:

• pemeriksaan is a fairly formal noun
• berkala is common in official or technical language
• the passive dilakukan is also common in formal statements

In casual speech, people might still say it, but depending on context they might choose simpler wording.

A more active version would mention the doer. For example:

• Kami sudah melakukan pemeriksaan berkala itu. = We have already carried out that periodic inspection.

• Teknisi sudah melakukan pemeriksaan berkala itu. = The technician has already carried out that periodic inspection.

The original sentence is more impersonal and result-focused:

• Pemeriksaan berkala itu sudah dilakukan. = That periodic inspection has already been carried out.

It can often be translated as either, depending on context.

Literally, itu is that. But in many real sentences, English sounds more natural with the instead.

So this could be translated as:

• That periodic inspection has already been carried out.
• The periodic inspection has already been carried out.

If the thing is already known in the conversation, English often prefers the, even though Indonesian uses itu.