Masa maskapai itu mengubah jadwal tanpa mengirim konfirmasi kepada penumpang transit?

Here masa does not mean time/period. In conversation, sentence-initial masa is a colloquial particle that shows surprise, disbelief, or mild protest.

So Masa maskapai itu mengubah jadwal... ? feels like:

• Really, that airline changed the schedule...?
• How could that airline change the schedule...?
• Did that airline seriously change the schedule...?

It often suggests the speaker thinks the situation is unreasonable.

It can be both, but it often sounds rhetorical. The speaker is usually not just asking for information; they are also expressing annoyance or disbelief.

So the sentence is probably closer in tone to:

• How could the airline do that?
• Seriously? They changed the schedule without sending confirmation?

rather than a neutral information-seeking question like Did the airline change the schedule?

Maskapai means airline or air carrier.

In full, people may say maskapai penerbangan, but in everyday use maskapai by itself often already means airline.

So:

• maskapai itu = that airline

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

So:

• maskapai itu = that airline
• jadwal ini = this schedule
• penumpang itu = that passenger

This is normal Indonesian word order.

Depending on context, maskapai itu can mean either:

• that airline
  or
• the airline

if it is already understood which airline is being discussed.

Because mengubah is a transitive verb: it means to change something.

• mengubah jadwal = to change the schedule

The root is ubah. With meN-, it becomes an action done to an object.

By contrast, berubah is usually intransitive and means to change / to become different on its own.

Compare:

• Maskapai itu mengubah jadwal.
  = The airline changed the schedule.

• Jadwal itu berubah.
  = The schedule changed.

So in your sentence, the airline is actively doing the changing, so mengubah is the right choice.

Indonesian does not mark tense the way English does. Verbs do not change form for past, present, or future.

So mengubah can mean:

• changes
• changed
• is changing
• will change

The time is understood from:

• context
• time words
• the situation

In this sentence, English would probably translate it as changed because the speaker is reacting to something that has already happened.

Tanpa means without.

So:

• tanpa mengirim konfirmasi = without sending confirmation

After tanpa, Indonesian often uses a verb phrase directly. Here the implied subject of mengirim is the same as the subject of the main clause, namely maskapai itu.

So the structure is:

• maskapai itu mengubah jadwal
• tanpa mengirim konfirmasi

= the airline changed the schedule without sending confirmation

Both can work, but they are slightly different in feel.

• mengirim konfirmasi = to send confirmation
• memberi konfirmasi = to give/provide confirmation

In this sentence, mengirim konfirmasi suggests the airline should have sent some kind of message, such as:

• an email
• a text message
• an app notification

So mengirim fits well when the confirmation is thought of as something transmitted to passengers.

Kepada means to, especially when the recipient is a person or group of people.

So:

• kepada penumpang transit = to transit passengers

It is a bit more formal and explicit than just ke.

Compare:

• mengirim konfirmasi kepada penumpang transit
  = send confirmation to transit passengers

Using kepada is very natural here because the confirmation is directed to people.

Yes, effectively. Penumpang transit means transit passengers or connecting passengers.

Indonesian often puts the main noun first and the modifier after it:

• penumpang = passenger(s)
• penumpang transit = transit passenger(s)

So this is a normal noun + modifier structure.

In English, we usually reverse it:

• transit passengers

It is a loanword, but it is very common and natural in Indonesian, especially in travel contexts.

You will see it in phrases like:

• penumpang transit = transit passengers
• bandara transit = transit airport
• penerbangan transit = transit flight / connecting flight

So even though it comes from a foreign source, learners should treat it as standard everyday Indonesian vocabulary.

Yes. Without masa, the sentence becomes more neutral:

• Maskapai itu mengubah jadwal tanpa mengirim konfirmasi kepada penumpang transit?

That still works as a question, but it sounds less emotional.

Adding masa gives it a stronger feeling of:

• disbelief
• complaint
• criticism

So masa is important for tone, not for the basic factual meaning.

It is best described as semi-colloquial or everyday spoken Indonesian.

Why?

• masa is definitely conversational and expressive.
• kepada sounds a bit more formal or careful.
• maskapai, jadwal, and konfirmasi are standard neutral vocabulary.

So the sentence is very natural in speech, especially if someone is complaining, but it is not extremely slangy.

It can suggest either, depending on context. Literally, konfirmasi means confirmation, but in practical use here it may refer to:

• a confirmation email
• a notice
• a message informing passengers
• an official update

So the speaker is basically saying the airline changed the schedule without informing or confirming it to the transit passengers.

Yes. Indonesian nouns do not have to mark singular vs. plural.

So penumpang transit can mean:

• a transit passenger
• transit passengers

In this sentence, the most natural English translation is probably transit passengers, because airlines usually send confirmations to a group of affected passengers, but the Indonesian itself does not force plural marking.