Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.

After practice, I become more confident.

Breakdown of Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.

• saya: I
• lebih: more
• setelah: after
• latihan: the practice session
• percaya diri: confident
• jadi: to become

Questions & Answers about Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.

What does setelah mean exactly, and is it different from sesudah?

Setelah means after (in terms of time). It introduces something that happens later than another event.

• Setelah latihan = After practice / after the training session

Setelah and sesudah mean the same thing in modern Indonesian. Differences:

• Setelah – slightly more common in writing and neutral speech.
• Sesudah – also correct and natural; sometimes feels just a bit more formal or old‑fashioned, depending on context.

You can usually swap them:

• Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.
• Sesudah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.

Both are fine.

Is the comma after latihan necessary? Can I change the word order?

The comma is natural but not strictly required in everyday writing. It marks a pause after the time clause:

• Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.
  → After practice, I became / feel more confident.

You can change the word order without changing the meaning:

• Saya jadi lebih percaya diri setelah latihan.

Both orders are common. Putting the time expression (setelah latihan) at the beginning is a bit more “story‑like” or explanatory; putting it at the end is more neutral.

What exactly does latihan mean here? Is it “practice” as a noun or a verb?

In this sentence, latihan is a noun meaning practice / training / exercise (a session or activity):

• latihan = practice, training, rehearsal, workout, etc., depending on context.

Compare:

• latihan sepak bola – football practice
• latihan vokal – vocal training
• latihan fisik – physical exercise

If you want to use the verb “to practice”, you usually use berlatih:

• Setelah berlatih, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.
  → After practicing, I feel more confident.

Both setelah latihan (“after [the] practice”) and setelah berlatih (“after practicing”) are natural; latihan sounds a bit more like one specific practice session.

What is jadi doing in this sentence? Is it a verb “to become”, or is it like “so/therefore”?

Here jadi functions as a verb meaning “to become / to end up (being)”:

• saya jadi lebih percaya diri
  → I become / I end up being / I get more confident.

So the structure is:

• saya – I
• jadi – become / end up
• lebih percaya diri – more confident

Other uses of jadi:

1. As a full verb (like here):

   • Airnya dingin, saya jadi sakit. – The water was cold, I ended up getting sick.

2. As a conjunction like “so / therefore” in speech:

   • Saya sudah latihan, jadi saya lebih percaya diri. – I’ve practiced, so I’m more confident.

3. As a casual “OK / done / settled”:

   • Jadi, ya? – So it’s decided / we’re doing it, right?

In your sentence, jadi is best understood as “become” or “end up (being)”.

Can I use menjadi instead of jadi? Is there a difference?

Yes, you can say:

• Setelah latihan, saya menjadi lebih percaya diri.

Menjadi is the more formal / standard verb “to become”. The difference:

• jadi – common in speech and informal writing; still acceptable in many neutral contexts.
• menjadi – more formal, typical in essays, news reports, or careful writing.

In everyday conversation, jadi is very natural. In a school essay or a report, menjadi might be preferred.

What does lebih percaya diri literally mean, and how does lebih work?

Literally:

• lebih – more
• percaya diri – confident (self‑confident)

So lebih percaya diri = more confident.

Lebih is the basic comparative marker in Indonesian:

• lebih besar – bigger
• lebih cepat – faster
• lebih penting – more important

It doesn’t need “than” in the phrase itself. If you want to explicitly say “than…”, you add daripada:

• Saya lebih percaya diri daripada dulu.
  → I’m more confident than before.

In your original sentence, the comparison (“than before”) is understood from context, so it’s not said.

Is percaya diri one word or two, and is it an adjective or a noun?

It’s usually written as two words: percaya diri.

Functionally, in this sentence, percaya diri behaves like an adjective meaning confident / self‑confident:

• Dia sangat percaya diri. – He/She is very confident.

Literally, percaya diri means “to believe in oneself”, but as a phrase it’s treated as one unit meaning “confident”.

It can also be part of a noun phrase using its noun form kepercayaan diri (“self‑confidence”):

• Kepercayaan diri saya meningkat. – My self‑confidence has increased.

Why is there no past tense marking? How do we know it’s “After practice, I became more confident”?

Indonesian generally does not mark tense with verb changes. Time is understood from:

• Time words: setelah (after), sekarang (now), kemarin (yesterday), etc.
• Context.

Setelah latihan already tells you the confidence change happens after that practice session, so the English feels like past or present perfect:

• “After practice, I became more confident.”
• “After practicing, I’ve become more confident.”

To make it clearly future, you could add akan:

• Setelah latihan, saya akan jadi lebih percaya diri.
  → After practice, I will be more confident.

For something clearly past, you can add time adverbs if needed:

• Setelah latihan tadi, saya jadi lebih percaya diri.
  → After that practice earlier, I became more confident.

Why is it saya and not aku? Does that change the tone?

Both mean I / me, but they differ in formality and relationship:

• saya – polite, neutral, safe in almost all situations (talking to strangers, teachers, at work, formal writing).
• aku – informal/intimate (with friends, close family, someone the same age or younger).

Your sentence with Aku:

• Setelah latihan, aku jadi lebih percaya diri.

This sounds more casual, like you’re talking to a friend.

Also, Indonesian often drops the subject pronoun when it’s clear:

• Setelah latihan, jadi lebih percaya diri.
  → After practice, (I) feel more confident.

This is common in speech, but less in formal writing.

Is this sentence formal, informal, or neutral? How would a casual version sound?

Setelah latihan, saya jadi lebih percaya diri. is neutral and acceptable in most contexts:

• Spoken: sounds fine in semi‑formal or neutral conversation.
• Written: fine in informal and many formal contexts (if you want to be extra formal, you might switch jadi → menjadi).

A very casual version with friends could be:

• Abis latihan, aku jadi lebih percaya diri.

Changes:

• Setelah → Abis (colloquial “after” from habis)
• saya → aku (informal “I”)

Can I say the same thing in a more “textbook formal” way?

Yes, a more formal / written version could be:

• Setelah latihan, saya menjadi lebih percaya diri.

Or, with a noun phrase and a slightly different structure:

• Setelah latihan, kepercayaan diri saya meningkat.
  → After practice, my self‑confidence increased.

Your original sentence is perfectly correct; these are just more formal alternatives.