Learn Hardcore Indonesian: Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran diubah agar utang cepat berkurang. - After consulting, the budget is changed so that the debt decreases quickly.

De‑emphasize or omit the doer (actor) when it’s obvious, unknown, or unimportant.
Sound neutral or formal, especially in reports, news, or institutional contexts.
Put focus on the thing affected (here, the anggaran “budget”).

Compare:

Passive (neutral/formal): Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran diubah agar utang cepat berkurang.
Active (more personal): Setelah berkonsultasi, kami mengubah anggaran agar utang cepat berkurang.

If I want to name the doer, how can I say it?

You have three common options:

Passive with an agent using oleh (formal): Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran diubah oleh tim keuangan agar utang cepat berkurang.
“Short” passive (Pasif 2) with a pronoun before the verb (very natural): Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran kami ubah agar utang cepat berkurang.
Active voice (to highlight the actor): Setelah berkonsultasi, tim keuangan mengubah anggaran agar utang cepat berkurang.

There’s no subject in Setelah berkonsultasi. Who did the consulting? Is that okay?

Yes. Indonesian often drops subjects when they’re understood or irrelevant. Setelah berkonsultasi is fine and impersonal. If you want to specify:

Setelah kami berkonsultasi, …
Setelah manajemen berkonsultasi, …

Does berkonsultasi take an object? How do I say who and what we consulted about?

Berkonsultasi is intransitive. Use prepositions:

With whom: berkonsultasi dengan [orang/pihak]
About what: berkonsultasi tentang/soal [topik] Examples:
Setelah berkonsultasi dengan penasihat keuangan, …
Setelah berkonsultasi soal pengeluaran, …

Alternatives:

Noun style: Setelah konsultasi dengan …
More formal (but heavier): Setelah melakukan konsultasi dengan …

What’s the difference between setelah and sesudah?

They’re near‑synonyms meaning “after,” and are interchangeable in most cases.

Setelah and sesudah are both standard.
Informal alternative: habis/abis (e.g., Abis konsultasi, …)
Formal/literary: seusai

Can I use supaya or biar instead of agar?

Yes, all introduce a purpose/result clause:

agar = formal/neutral
supaya = neutral, very common
biar = informal/colloquial

Examples:

… diubah agar utang cepat berkurang.
… diubah supaya utang cepat berkurang.
… diubah biar utang cepat berkurang. Avoid doubling: agar supaya is redundant.

Could I use untuk instead of agar?

Yes, but the structure changes. Untuk must be followed by a verb phrase:

Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran diubah untuk mengurangi utang dengan cepat. Here you switch to the transitive verb mengurangi (“reduce something”). Nuance:
agar utang cepat berkurang states the desired outcome.
untuk mengurangi utang states the intention/action.

Why is it cepat and not dengan cepat?

In Indonesian, adjectives can function adverbially. Both are correct:

agar utang cepat berkurang (very natural)
agar utang berkurang dengan cepat (a bit more formal/explicit) You can also say lebih cepat (“faster”) or secepat mungkin (“as fast as possible”).

Where can I put cepat? Are other positions natural?

Most natural:

Before the verb: agar utang cepat berkurang
With a preposition: agar utang berkurang dengan cepat Less common/less natural: agar utang berkurang cepat. Prefer one of the two above. Avoid cepat‑cepat here; that means “in a hurry.”

What’s the difference between berkurang and mengurangi?

berkurang = intransitive, “to decrease” (no direct object). Example: Utang cepat berkurang.
mengurangi = transitive, “to reduce (something).” Example: Kami mengurangi utang. So:
agar utang cepat berkurang (focus on the debt decreasing)
untuk mengurangi utang (focus on the act of reducing)

Is utang the same as hutang?

In Indonesian (Indonesia), utang is the standard form, though hutang is very common in speech and writing. Use utang in careful/formal writing. Related forms: berutang (to be in debt), piutang (accounts receivable).

Why is it diubah, not dirubah?

Because the root is ubah (“change”), not rubah (“fox”). The correct forms are diubah (passive) and mengubah (active). Dirubah is a common nonstandard spelling; avoid it in standard Indonesian.

Does anggaran need a qualifier? What kinds are there?

Anggaran means “budget” in general (personal, corporate, government). To be specific:

anggaran belanja (spending budget)
rencana anggaran (budget plan)
APBN/APBD (state/regional budgets) Synonyms for “changed”: direvisi, disesuaikan. Example: Anggaran direvisi agar …

Is the comma after Setelah berkonsultasi required?

Yes, it’s standard to put a comma after a fronted subordinate clause:

Setelah berkonsultasi, anggaran diubah … If the clause comes last, no comma is needed:
Anggaran diubah setelah berkonsultasi.

Do I need to mark “the” for anggaran or utang?

Indonesian usually leaves definiteness to context. To make it explicit, use itu or -nya:

Anggaran itu diubah agar utangnya cepat berkurang.
Utang kami cepat berkurang. (possessor makes it definite)

How would this sound in informal speech?

Examples:

Abis konsultasi, anggaran kami ubah biar utang cepat turun.
Habis konsultasi, kami ganti anggaran biar utang cepet berkurang. Informal features: abis/habis, biar, cepet (colloquial for cepat), turun (“go down”) as a casual synonym for berkurang.