Breakdown of Jangan terlalu mengandalkan catatan lama; hal baru sudah dibagikan.
baru
new
sudah
already
terlalu
too
lama
old
jangan
don’t
catatan
the note
hal
the thing
mengandalkan
to rely on
dibagikan
to be shared
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Questions & Answers about Jangan terlalu mengandalkan catatan lama; hal baru sudah dibagikan.
What does the Indonesian word Jangan express, and how polite is it?
Jangan is the negative imperative: “don’t.” It can sound quite direct. To soften it:
- Tolong jangan... (please don’t...)
- Harap tidak... (please refrain from..., formal/notice-like)
- Sebaiknya jangan... (you’d better not...)
- Mohon untuk tidak... (very formal/polite)
- Adding ya at the end can make it friendlier: Jangan terlalu mengandalkan..., ya.
Why is there no subject like “you” in the sentence?
Indonesian commonly omits subjects when the context is clear, especially with imperatives. If you want to specify the addressee:
- Singular informal: Kamu, jangan terlalu mengandalkan...
- Plural: Kalian, jangan terlalu mengandalkan...
- Formal: Harap tidak terlalu mengandalkan... (avoid Jangan Anda..., which can feel stiff).
How does terlalu work here, and is terlalu banyak better?
Terlalu means “too/overly.” Terlalu mengandalkan is idiomatic (“over-rely on”). You can say terlalu banyak mengandalkan to stress excess amount/frequency of reliance. Both are acceptable; choose based on nuance:
- Intensity of reliance: terlalu mengandalkan
- Quantity/frequency: terlalu banyak mengandalkan
Do I need a preposition after mengandalkan?
No. Mengandalkan takes a direct object: mengandalkan catatan lama. If you use bergantung, then you need a preposition: bergantung pada catatan lama. Avoid mengandalkan pada/kepada.
Can I say andalkan instead of mengandalkan?
In everyday speech, yes—especially in commands/prohibitions: Jangan andalkan catatan lama. In neutral/formal writing, mengandalkan is preferred. Morphologically: root andal → andalkan (verb) → mengandalkan (active transitive).
Do I need to mark plural in catatan?
Not necessarily. Indonesian usually leaves number unmarked. Catatan lama can mean “old notes.” To emphasize plurality: catatan-catatan lama. To make it definite/specific: catatan lama itu (“those old notes”).
Is there a difference between catatan lama and catatan yang lama?
Slight nuance:
- catatan lama: old notes (descriptive/attributive).
- catatan yang lama: the ones that are old (contrasting with newer ones; more contrastive/specifying). Use yang when you’re explicitly selecting among alternatives.
Is hal baru the most natural choice? What else could I say?
Hal baru is grammatical but very generic (“new things”). Depending on context, these are often more natural:
- yang baru (the new ones): Yang baru sudah dibagikan.
- materi baru, informasi baru, dokumen baru, file baru
- pembaruan (updates), versi terbaru (latest version) Pick the noun that matches what was actually shared.
What does sudah add to dibagikan?
Sudah marks completion (“already/has been”). Variants:
- More formal: telah dibagikan
- Colloquial: udah dibagiin (informal spelling/pronunciation) To stress recency: baru saja dibagikan or barusan dibagikan.
Why dibagikan and not dibagi or diberikan?
- dibagikan (from bagikan) = shared/distributed (to recipients).
- dibagi = divided/split (e.g., a cake into pieces); sometimes used for “shared out,” but ambiguous.
- diberikan = given (focus on transfer to a recipient). For “shared,” dibagikan is the safest, least ambiguous choice.
What kind of passive is dibagikan, and how can I mention the agent or recipient?
Dibagikan is the standard di- passive without an agent. To add details:
- Agent: Hal baru sudah dibagikan oleh tim.
- Active: Tim sudah membagikan hal baru.
- Passive type 2 (with pronoun agent): Hal baru sudah saya bagikan.
- Recipient: ...dibagikan kepada kalian / ...dibagikan ke grup / ...dibagikan di grup (in the group).
Is the semicolon used the same way as in English?
Yes. It links two closely related independent clauses. Alternatives:
- Period: Jangan... catatan lama. Hal baru sudah dibagikan.
- Conjunction: Jangan... catatan lama, karena hal baru sudah dibagikan.
- Resultive: Hal baru sudah dibagikan, jadi jangan terlalu mengandalkan catatan lama.
Why is the adjective after the noun in catatan lama?
That’s the normal order in Indonesian: noun + adjective. So catatan lama, dokumen baru, versi terbaru. If you use yang, you’re creating a relative clause: catatan yang lama.
How would I say this more formally or more casually?
- Formal: Harap tidak terlalu mengandalkan catatan lama; materi baru telah dibagikan.
- Neutral: Jangan terlalu mengandalkan catatan lama; hal baru sudah dibagikan.
- Informal: Jangan terlalu ngandelin catatan lama; yang baru udah dibagiin.
Is there a spelling rule for di- here?
Yes. As a verbal prefix, di- is attached: dibagikan. The preposition di (meaning “at/in/on”) is written separately, e.g., di grup. So dibagikan di grup is correct; di bagikan is not.
Could I make both sides more specific?
Yes, by marking definiteness, plurality, recipients, or agents:
- Jangan terlalu mengandalkan catatan-catatan lama itu; materi baru sudah dibagikan kepada kalian oleh tim. This sounds natural and precise in Indonesian.