Stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang pagi ini.

That outlet was checked by the worker this morning.

Breakdown of Stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang pagi ini.

• itu: that
• oleh: by
• pagi ini: this morning
• memeriksa: to check
• stopkontak: the outlet
• tukang: the worker

Questions & Answers about Stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang pagi ini.

Is this sentence in the passive voice? What does the verb form diperiksa come from?

• Yes. It’s the di- passive. The base word is periksa (check/examine).
• diperiksa = be checked/was checked/is being checked (the time is inferred from context).
• Active counterpart: memeriksa. Example: Tukang memeriksa stopkontak itu (pagi ini).
• Related forms: pemeriksa (examiner), pemeriksaan (examination/check).

Do I have to use oleh? When can I drop it or replace it?

• oleh introduces the agent in a di- passive, but it’s optional.
• Without agent: Stopkontak itu diperiksa pagi ini.
• Colloquial “by”: sama. Example: Stopkontak itu diperiksa sama tukang pagi ini.
• You’ll also hear: diperiksa tukang pagi ini (dropping oleh), especially in speech.
• Use oleh for clarity or a more formal tone.

Could I say it in the active voice instead?

• Yes: Tukang (itu) memeriksa stopkontak itu pagi ini.
• Active highlights the doer; passive highlights the thing affected.
• Both are natural; Indonesian often prefers passive when the patient is the topic.

Where can I put the time phrase pagi ini?

• Common placements:
  • End: …oleh tukang pagi ini.
  • Beginning: Pagi ini, stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang.
  • After the subject: Stopkontak itu, pagi ini, diperiksa oleh tukang. (less common)
• Don’t use oleh with time: not “oleh pagi ini.”

What’s the difference between pagi ini and tadi pagi?

• pagi ini = this morning (typically said while it’s still morning).
• tadi pagi = earlier this morning (use if it’s later in the day).
• Both are understood; tadi pagi avoids ambiguity if it’s no longer morning.

What exactly does tukang mean? Is it formal?

• tukang = tradesperson/repairer/handyman. Neutral, everyday.
• More specific:
  • tukang listrik = electrician
  • tukang ledeng = plumber
  • montir = auto mechanic
  • teknisi = technician (more formal/technical)
• Using just tukang here implies a generic repair person.

Why is itu after the noun? Does it mean that or the?

• itu comes after the noun: stopkontak itu = that outlet / the outlet (known/specific).
• ini = this; itu = that/that known one. Both often function like a definite article.
• Formal alternative: tersebut (e.g., stopkontak tersebut).

How do I make it plural or say those outlets?

• Nouns don’t change for number. stopkontak itu is usually singular.
• To make plural explicit:
  • stopkontak-stopkontak itu = those outlets (reduplication)
  • beberapa stopkontak = several outlets
  • semua stopkontak = all outlets
• Example: Stopkontak-stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang pagi ini.

Is the spelling stopkontak correct? I’ve seen stop kontak and colokan.

• Recommended spelling: stopkontak (one word).
• stop kontak (two words) is common informally but less standard.
• Near-synonyms:
  • stopkontak = wall outlet/socket (neutral)
  • colokan = colloquial; may refer to a plug or power strip (varies by region)
  • soket listrik = formal/technical “electrical socket”
  • steker = the plug (on the cord), not the outlet

Could pagi ini be read as describing tukang (like a “morning handyman”)?

• Normally no; pagi ini modifies the time of the event.
• To avoid any possible misreading, front the time: Pagi ini, stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang.

How do I express different tenses/aspects with diperiksa?

• Indonesian doesn’t inflect verbs for tense; add time/aspect words:
  • Completed: sudah/telah diperiksa; tadi pagi diperiksa
  • In progress: sedang diperiksa (is/was being checked)
  • Future: akan diperiksa; nanti pagi diperiksa
  • Just now: baru saja diperiksa
• Example: Stopkontak itu sedang diperiksa oleh tukang.

Is di- here the same as the preposition di (at/in)?

• No. Here di- is a prefix attached to the verb root: diperiksa.
• The preposition di is separate and marks location: di rumah, di kantor.
• Writing di periksa (with a space) is a spelling mistake.

Is there another passive pattern I should know?

• Yes: “passive type 2” with pronoun agents:
  • Stopkontak itu saya periksa pagi ini.
  • Stopkontak itu dia periksa tadi pagi.
• Don’t use it with a full noun agent: not “Stopkontak itu tukang periksa.”

Can I swap in a more casual verb than diperiksa?

• Yes: dicek (from English “check”) is very common in speech.
• Examples:
  • Stopkontak itu dicek tukang pagi ini.
  • Active informal: Tukang ngecek stopkontak itu pagi ini.

How would I make both the outlet and the handyman definite?

• Add itu to both nouns:
  • Stopkontak itu diperiksa oleh tukang itu pagi ini.
• Or name/qualify the agent: oleh teknisi kantor itu, oleh Pak Budi, etc.

Could I use yang to pinpoint a specific outlet among several?

• Yes, when contrasting/identifying: Stopkontak yang itu diperiksa oleh tukang pagi ini.
• Without yang, stopkontak itu simply means the known/specific outlet.