Rokmu hijau, dan sandalku hitam.

to be

Breakdown of Rokmu hijau, dan sandalku hitam.

• dan: and
• mu: your
• hijau: green

Questions & Answers about Rokmu hijau, dan sandalku hitam.

What do the endings -mu and -ku mean here?

They are possessive clitics:

• -mu = your (2nd person singular), as in rokmu (your skirt).
• -ku = my (1st person singular), as in sandalku (my sandals). They attach to the noun with no space: write rokmu, sandalku (not “rok mu” or “sandal ku”).

How formal are -mu and -ku? What are alternatives?

They’re neutral-to-informal and very common. Alternatives:

• Neutral/informal separate pronouns: rok kamu, sandal kamu.
• More formal/polite: rok Anda, sandal saya.
• Very neutral “my” with a separate pronoun: sandal saya instead of sandalku.

Can I ever write them with a hyphen or separately?

Standard spelling attaches them directly with no hyphen or space: sandalku, rokmu.
Exception: if the noun is reduplicated for plural, keep the hyphen of reduplication and attach the clitic to the second copy, e.g., sandal-sandalku, buku-bukumu.

Where is the verb “is/are”? Why can Indonesian say Rokmu hijau without it?