Dia menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan.

Yes. Dia can mean either he or she. Indonesian does not usually mark gender in third-person singular pronouns.

So this sentence could refer to:

• He removed the trash from the road
• She removed the trash from the road

You only know which one from context.

Menyingkirkan means to move something aside, to remove something from the way, or to clear something away.

In this sentence, it means the person took the trash out of the road so it was no longer blocking or cluttering it.

It is a little more specific than a general verb like do or handle. It suggests removal from a place.

It comes from the base singkir, which has the idea of aside or out of the way.

The verb menyingkirkan is formed with:

• meN- prefix
• base singkir
• -kan suffix

A useful way to think about it is:

• singkir = aside / out of the way
• menyingkirkan = to put something aside, remove something from the way

There is also a sound change:

• when meN- is added to a word beginning with s, the s usually disappears
• so singkir becomes menyingkirkan, not mensingkirkan

Because menyingkirkan is transitive: it takes an object.

Here, the object is sampah.

• menyingkir usually means to move aside oneself, or to get out of the way
• menyingkirkan means to move something else aside

Compare:

• Dia menyingkir. = He/She moved aside.
• Dia menyingkirkan sampah. = He/She moved the trash aside.

So in your sentence, -kan is important because the subject is acting on sampah.

Dari means from.

It shows the place the trash was removed from:

• dari jalan = from the road

This is very natural with a verb of removal.

Compare:

• menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan = remove the trash from the road
• sampah di jalan = trash on the road

So dari is marking the source or starting location of the trash.

Usually sampah means trash/garbage as a mass noun, so it often refers to trash in general rather than one countable item.

Indonesian nouns usually do not have:

• a / an / the
• obligatory singular/plural marking

So sampah here could mean:

• trash in general
• some trash
• the trash

If you need to be more specific, context does that. You can also add words like:

• banyak sampah = a lot of trash
• sampah-sampah = pieces/types of trash, or plural emphasis in some contexts

Jalan can mean:

• road
• street
• way
• path

In this sentence, road or street is the most likely meaning.

As usual in Indonesian, there is no article, so jalan can mean:

• the road
• a road
• the street

Context tells you which one is intended.

Yes. This is a very normal pattern:

• Dia = subject
• menyingkirkan = verb
• sampah = object
• dari jalan = prepositional phrase

So the structure is basically:

Subject + Verb + Object + Prepositional phrase

That is a very common Indonesian sentence pattern.

No. Indonesian verbs do not change form for tense the way English verbs do.

So Dia menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan could mean:

• he/she removes the trash from the road
• he/she removed the trash from the road
• he/she is removing the trash from the road

The time usually comes from context or from extra words such as:

• sudah / telah = already, completed
• sedang = in progress
• akan = future

Examples:

• Dia sudah menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan. = He/She has already removed the trash from the road.
• Dia sedang menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan. = He/She is removing the trash from the road.
• Dia akan menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan. = He/She will remove the trash from the road.

Sometimes yes, but the nuance is different.

• menyingkirkan sampah = remove the trash, move it out of the way
• membersihkan jalan or membersihkan sampah = clean the road / clean up the trash

So:

• menyingkirkan focuses on removal
• membersihkan focuses on cleaning

If the important idea is that the trash was taken off the road, menyingkirkan is a good choice.

It is fairly neutral and natural. It does not sound strange.

Menyingkirkan is a standard word and works well in both writing and speech. In very casual conversation, people might choose other verbs depending on the situation, but this sentence itself is perfectly normal.

To make it negative, use tidak before the verb:

• Dia tidak menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan.
  = He/She did not remove the trash from the road.

To make it a yes/no question, you can use:

• rising intonation in speech, or
• apakah in more careful or formal style

Examples:

• Dia menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan?
• Apakah dia menyingkirkan sampah dari jalan?

Both mean: Did he/she remove the trash from the road?

A simple breakdown is:

me-nying-kir-kan

A few tips:

• ny sounds like the ny in canyon
• ng sounds like the final sound in sing
• Indonesian pronunciation is generally quite regular and clear
• stress is not as strong or dramatic as in English

So try something close to:

muh-NYING-keer-kahn

That is only an approximation, but it helps many English speakers get started.