Ibu itu hamil.

In Indonesian, the verb to be is often not expressed in simple sentences.

So:

• Ibu itu = that mother / that woman / that lady
• hamil = pregnant

Put together, Ibu itu hamil naturally means That woman is pregnant or That mother is pregnant.

This is very normal Indonesian. English needs is, but Indonesian usually does not in this kind of sentence.

Ibu has several possible meanings depending on context:

• mother
• Mrs.
• ma’am
• a respectful way to refer to an adult woman

So in a sentence like Ibu itu hamil, ibu does not always have to mean someone’s own mother. It can also mean that lady or that woman, especially in respectful speech.

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini (this) and itu (that) usually come after the noun.

So:

• ibu itu = that woman / that mother
• rumah itu = that house
• anak itu = that child

This is different from English, where that comes before the noun.

Hamil is usually treated like an adjective or a state word meaning pregnant.

In Indonesian, adjectives can directly follow the noun phrase without any extra verb:

• Dia sakit = He/She is sick
• Anak itu besar = That child is big
• Ibu itu hamil = That woman is pregnant

So hamil describes the condition of ibu itu.

In normal usage, hamil is used for a female human or sometimes a female animal, depending on context.

For people, it refers to a woman being pregnant. So Ibu itu hamil is perfectly natural.

Most directly, ibu itu means that woman / that lady / that mother.

However, in real context, Indonesian itu can sometimes make something sound like a specific known person, which may feel close to English the woman.

Still, if you are learning the basic pattern, it is best to think of:

• ibu itu = that woman

Yes. Wanita itu hamil also means That woman is pregnant.

The difference is nuance:

• ibu is often more respectful or more natural for referring to an adult woman
• wanita is a more direct word for woman
• perempuan also means woman/female, but its tone depends on context

So Ibu itu hamil can sound polite and natural if you are referring respectfully to an adult woman.

Yes, but the meaning changes.

• Ibu itu hamil = That woman is pregnant
• Ibu hamil itu = That pregnant woman

In ibu hamil itu, the word hamil describes ibu inside the noun phrase, and itu points to the whole phrase.

So word order matters.

It is neutral and natural. It is not especially slangy, and it is not overly formal either.

You could hear or read this kind of sentence in everyday Indonesian.

If the situation is sensitive, though, speakers may choose softer or more indirect wording depending on politeness and context, because pregnancy can be a personal topic.

Indonesian does not have articles that work like English a, an, and the.

So nouns often appear without any article at all, and context does the work.

In this sentence:

• ibu does not need a word for a or the
• itu helps make it specific: that woman

This is one reason Indonesian can look very compact compared with English.

The simplest way is just to use rising intonation in speech:

• Ibu itu hamil? = Is that woman pregnant?

In writing, you add a question mark:

• Ibu itu hamil?

You could also ask more explicitly:

• Apakah ibu itu hamil? = Is that woman pregnant?

Both are correct.

A simple approximate pronunciation is:

• Ibu → ee-boo
• itu → ee-too
• hamil → hah-meel

So the whole sentence sounds roughly like:

• ee-boo ee-too hah-meel

A few notes:

• i is usually like ee in see
• u is usually like oo in food
• h is pronounced
• stress in Indonesian is generally lighter and less dramatic than in English

Yes, it becomes less specific.

• Ibu itu hamil = That woman/mother is pregnant
• Ibu hamil = A pregnant woman / pregnant mother, or sometimes Mother is pregnant, depending on context

Without itu, you lose the clear that meaning. So itu helps point to a particular person.

Because adalah is usually not used before adjectives like hamil.

Indonesian commonly says:

• Dia sakit = He/She is sick
• Rumah itu besar = That house is big
• Ibu itu hamil = That woman is pregnant

Using adalah here would sound unnatural. Adalah is more common in certain formal definitions or noun-to-noun statements, not in ordinary adjective sentences like this one.