Bekisting itu terbuat dari kayu.

In Indonesian, demonstratives like ini and itu usually come after the noun.

• bekisting itu = that formwork / the formwork
• rumah itu = that house
• buku ini = this book

So the pattern is:

• noun + ini/itu

This is different from English, where this/that comes before the noun.

It can feel like either one in English, depending on context.

In many sentences, itu literally means that, but in natural translation it often works more like the when the thing is already known or identified.

So Bekisting itu terbuat dari kayu could be understood as:

• That formwork is made of wood
• The formwork is made of wood

Both can be reasonable, depending on the situation.

Terbuat dari means made of or made from.

It is a very common expression for talking about material.

Examples:

• Meja itu terbuat dari kayu. = The table is made of wood.
• Cincin ini terbuat dari emas. = This ring is made of gold.

So you can learn terbuat dari as a set phrase.

The prefix ter- often forms a stative or passive-like meaning. In terbuat, it describes the state of something as being made or formed.

So terbuat is not usually about the action in progress. It focuses on the resulting condition:

• terbuat dari kayu = made of wood

In this sentence, terbuat is best understood as part of the fixed expression terbuat dari.

Dari means from, and in this expression it marks the material something is made from.

• terbuat dari kayu = made from/of wood

Indonesian commonly uses dari after terbuat to show the substance or source material.

You should not normally replace it with oleh here.

• oleh is more like by for the agent of an action
• dengan is more like with

So:

• terbuat dari kayu = correct
• terbuat oleh kayu = not natural

Yes, you may hear that, and it can be understood. But terbuat dari is usually the more natural choice when you are describing what material something consists of.

A rough difference:

• terbuat dari kayu = focuses on the material/resulting state
• dibuat dari kayu = focuses more on the process of being made

In many everyday situations, both are possible, but terbuat dari is especially common for materials.

No, it is a borrowed technical word, commonly used in construction. It refers to formwork or concrete mold/forming structure.

Because it is technical vocabulary, not every learner will see it early on. In ordinary conversation, it is less common than basic nouns like meja, rumah, or kayu.

No. Indonesian verbs usually do not change for tense the way English verbs do.

So terbuat does not itself mean specifically is made, was made, or will be made. Time is usually understood from context or from time words such as:

• sekarang = now
• dulu = in the past
• nanti = later

In this sentence, English normally uses present tense:

• The formwork is made of wood

No. Indonesian does not use articles like a, an, or the the way English does.

So kayu simply means wood, and the sentence does not need anything extra before it.

Compare:

• dari kayu = of/from wood
• not something like dari sebuah kayu in this context

Yes, depending on context. Indonesian nouns usually do not have a special plural form unless needed.

So bekisting itu could mean:

• that formwork
• those pieces of formwork
• the formwork

If you need to make plurality clearer, Indonesian can use:

• repetition: bekisting-bekisting
• number words
• context

But in many sentences, context is enough.

That would usually sound less natural for this meaning.

The normal structure is:

• Bekisting itu = that/the formwork

Putting itu before the noun changes the feel of the sentence and usually does not work as a simple demonstrative noun phrase here.

For learners, the safest pattern is:

• noun + itu
• noun + ini

A simple pronunciation guide is:

Bekisting itu terbuat dari kayu
beh-KEES-ting EE-too ter-BOO-at DAH-ree KAH-yoo

A few notes:

• kayu has two syllables: ka-yu
• dari sounds like dah-ree
• itu sounds like ee-too

Indonesian pronunciation is usually fairly regular compared to English spelling.