Straubrettið stendur í horninu, og svuntan hangir á herðatrénu.

Yes. In Icelandic, the definite article the is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

In this sentence:

• straubrettið = the ironing board
• svuntan = the apron
• horninu = the corner
• herðatrénu = the hanger

The ending changes because Icelandic nouns inflect for:

• gender
• case
• number

So these are not random endings; they are different forms of the noun with the suffixed definite article.

For example:

• straubrett = ironing board

• straubrettið = the ironing board

• svunta = apron
• svuntan = the apron

Because after í and á in this sentence, Icelandic uses the dative case to show location.

Here the meaning is:

• í horninu = in the corner
• á herðatrénu = on the hanger

The objects are not moving anywhere; they are already located there. So Icelandic uses dative.

Compare:

• hornið = the corner (nominative/accusative form)

• horninu = the corner (dative form)

• herðatréð = the hanger (nominative/accusative form)
• herðatrénu = the hanger (dative form)

No. They can take either dative or accusative, depending on meaning.

A very important rule is:

• dative = location, being somewhere
• accusative = motion toward a place

In your sentence:

• Straubrettið stendur í horninu
  = the ironing board is standing in the corner
  → location → dative

• svuntan hangir á herðatrénu
  = the apron hangs on the hanger
  → location → dative

But if something is moved there, Icelandic would normally use the accusative:

• Ég set straubrettið í hornið.
  = I put the ironing board into the corner.

• Ég hengi svuntuna á herðatréð.
  = I hang the apron on the hanger.

So this dative/accusative contrast is one of the most useful things to notice in the sentence.

Icelandic often prefers position verbs where English often just says is.

Here:

• standa = stand
• hanga = hang

So Icelandic describes the physical position more exactly:

• Straubrettið stendur í horninu
  literally: The ironing board stands in the corner

• svuntan hangir á herðatrénu
  literally: the apron hangs on the hanger

In English, is in the corner and is on the hanger sound natural. In Icelandic, using standa and hanga is very natural because they describe how the object is situated.

The dictionary forms are:

• standa = to stand
• hanga = to hang

The forms in the sentence are 3rd person singular present:

• (það) stendur = it stands
• (hún) hangir = it/she hangs

So:

• straubrettið stendur = the ironing board stands
• svuntan hangir = the apron hangs

These are just the normal present-tense forms that match singular subjects.

Yes, gender matters a lot in Icelandic because it affects endings.

In this sentence:

• straubrett is neuter
• svunta is feminine
• horn is neuter
• herðatré is neuter

That helps explain the different definite endings:

• neuter nominative singular definite: often -ið or -ð

  • straubrettið
  • herðatréð

• feminine nominative singular definite: often -an

  • svuntan

• neuter dative singular definite: often -inu or -nu depending on the word

  • horninu
  • herðatrénu

Yes. Herðatré is a compound noun, and compounds are extremely common in Icelandic.

It is made up of:

• herða- related to shoulders
• tré = tree / wood

Historically, it means something like a shoulder-tree, which became the word for a clothes hanger or coat hanger.

In the sentence:

• á herðatrénu = on the hanger

You do not need to analyze the compound every time, but noticing compounds can really help with Icelandic vocabulary.

The sentence uses very normal main-clause word order:

• Straubrettið stendur í horninu
• og svuntan hangir á herðatrénu

That is basically:

• subject + verb + prepositional phrase

This is the most neutral order in a simple statement.

Icelandic can change word order for emphasis, especially because it is a verb-second language, but this sentence is plain and natural as written.

For example, you could emphasize the location:

• Í horninu stendur straubrettið.

But the original version is the easiest and most neutral one for learners.

Because Icelandic usually puts the at the end of the noun instead of using a separate article like English does.

So English says:

• the ironing board
• the corner
• the apron
• the hanger

But Icelandic says:

• straubrettið
• horninu
• svuntan
• herðatrénu

This is one of the biggest structural differences from English. When learning Icelandic, it helps to treat the noun and the article ending as one unit.

It would be:

• Straubrett stendur í horni, og svunta hangir á herðatré.

That means something like:

• An ironing board stands in a corner, and an apron hangs on a hanger.

Notice how the noun forms change:

• straubrettið → straubrett
• horninu → horni
• svuntan → svunta
• herðatrénu → herðatré

The dative is still there after í and á for location, but without the definite article attached.

No. In Icelandic, the case usually makes that distinction clear.

• í horninu = in the corner
  → dative → location

• í hornið = into the corner
  → accusative → motion toward

So in your sentence:

• Straubrettið stendur í horninu
  definitely means it is already there, not moving there.

That is one reason Icelandic cases are so useful: they often show a difference that English expresses with context alone.

Usually, yes. Svunta most commonly means apron.

So:

• svunta = apron
• svuntan = the apron

Depending on context, it could refer to different kinds of aprons, but apron is the normal translation.

In this sentence, svuntan hangir á herðatrénu gives a very everyday household image: the apron is hanging on a clothes hanger.

In standard Icelandic writing, a comma before og can appear when it separates two full clauses, as it does here:

• Straubrettið stendur í horninu, og svuntan hangir á herðatrénu.

Each side has its own subject and verb:

• Straubrettið stendur ...
• svuntan hangir ...

So the comma is natural and standard here. In shorter or simpler writing styles, punctuation practices can vary a little, but this sentence is perfectly normal as written.