Breakdown of Afmælið mitt er í næsta mánuði.
vera
to be
mitt
my
í
in
næstur
next
afmælið
the birthday
mánuðurinn
the month
Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Icelandic grammar and vocabulary.
Questions & Answers about Afmælið mitt er í næsta mánuði.
What does the -ið at the end of Afmælið mean?
- -ið is the definite article attached to a neuter noun. afmæli = birthday; afmælið = the birthday.
- Icelandic often keeps the definite article even when a possessive is present, so afmælið mitt literally means “the birthday my,” i.e., “my birthday.”
Why is the possessive mitt after the noun? Can it go before?
- With a definite noun (one that has the article attached), the possessive normally comes after: afmælið mitt.
- You cannot say mitt afmælið (preposed possessive + definite suffix) — that’s ungrammatical.
- If you drop the definite suffix, you can put the possessive before: mitt afmæli. This can add emphasis/contrast: “MY birthday (as opposed to someone else’s) is next month.” Both afmælið mitt and mitt afmæli are possible, but afmælið mitt is the most neutral here.
Why is it í næsta mánuði and not something with á?
- For months, Icelandic idiomatically uses í: í janúar, í febrúar, í næsta mánuði.
- For days of the week and many specific dates, you use á: á mánudaginn (on Monday).
- For years, you typically use á: á næsta ári (next year). So “in next month” is literally í næsta mánuði.
What case is næsta mánuði, and why those endings?
- í takes the dative when it means “in/inside (time/place).”
- mánuði is the dative singular of the masculine noun mánuður (month).
- næsta is the weak dative masculine singular form of the adjective næstur (next/nearest). Superlatives and “ordinal-like” adjectives (e.g., “first/next/last”) are usually weak when used before a noun, hence næsta mánuði.
- Contrast:
- Nominative (as a subject): næsti mánuður (the next month)
- Dative after í: í næsta mánuði
Could I drop í and say Afmælið mitt er næsta mánuð?
- The “prepositionless time accusative” (e.g., Næsta mánuð fer ég…) is common with action verbs.
- With the copula er (“is”), native usage strongly prefers the preposition: say Afmælið mitt er í næsta mánuði. Without í sounds odd here.
Can I front the time phrase, like “Next month, my birthday is…”?
Yes. Icelandic main clauses are verb-second. You can say:
- Í næsta mánuði er afmælið mitt. This is perfectly natural and just shifts emphasis to the time frame.
What’s the literal word-by-word sense of the sentence?
Afmælið (the-birthday) mitt (my) er (is) í (in) næsta (next) mánuði (month.DAT). So literally: “The birthday my is in next month.”
Why is it mitt and not mín?
- The possessive agrees with the grammatical gender, number, and case of the noun, not with the speaker.
- afmæli is neuter singular nominative here, so you use mitt (neuter). The basic nominative forms are:
- masculine: minn
- feminine: mín
- neuter: mitt
Is there a difference between er and verður in this context?
- er (“is”) states the fact that the date falls next month: Afmælið mitt er í næsta mánuði.
- verður (“will be/become”) often highlights the occurrence as an event (e.g., the celebration): Afmælið mitt verður í næsta mánuði can imply “The (party/celebration) will be next month.”
What’s the difference between afmæli and afmælisdagur?
- afmæli = birthday, the fact/occasion/celebration. Very common in everyday speech for “birthday.”
- afmælisdagur = birthday day/date specifically. You can say Afmælisdagurinn minn er í næsta mánuði, but most people still just say afmæli unless they need to stress the exact date.
How does the preposition í work with time in general?
- í + dative = “in/during” a period: í næsta mánuði, í þessari viku.
- í + accusative can express duration: Hann var þar í mánuð (He was there for a month). So the dative in your sentence marks being “within” that time frame.
Any quick pronunciation tips for this sentence?
- æ sounds like “eye” (ai).
- á sounds like the “ow” in “cow,” but long and smooth.
- í is like long “ee.”
- ð (the letter eth) is a soft “th” as in “this,” especially between vowels: -ið, mánuði.
- Double consonants like -tt- in mitt are held a bit longer. A rough guide: Af-mæ-lið MITT ehr ee NAI-sta MAO-nu-thi.