Questions & Answers about Mér líkar kaffi, en henni líkar te.
Icelandic expresses liking with the verb líka in a way that literally means to me pleases coffee.
- The person who likes something is in the dative case (here mér = to me).
- The thing liked is the grammatical subject in the nominative (here kaffi).
- So you say Mér líkar kaffi (to-me pleases coffee), not Ég líkar kaffi.
- mér is the dative form of ég (I).
- henni is the dative form of hún (she). This verb takes the experiencer in the dative.
The subject is the thing that is liked:
- In Mér líkar kaffi, the subject is kaffi (nominative).
- In henni líkar te, the subject is te (nominative). The verb agrees with that subject, not with the person in the dative.
- Use líkar when the liked thing (the subject) is singular: Mér líkar kaffi.
- Use líka when the liked thing is plural (or a coordinated list): Mér líka bananar; Mér líka kaffi og te. So number agreement is with the thing liked, not with the person.
Use inversion with the verb first and the dative pronoun for the person:
- Líkar þér kaffi? (Do you like coffee?) Possible answers:
- Já, mér líkar kaffi.
- Nei, mér líkar ekki kaffi.
Place ekki after the verb:
- Mér líkar ekki kaffi.
- Henni líkar ekki te.
Use líka við especially for liking people (being fond of someone):
- Mér líkar við hana. (I like her.) Structure:
- dative experiencer + líkar/líka
- við
- accusative person. You can also use líka við for animals or, stylistically, for things, but with people it’s the standard choice.
- við
No. Don’t use nominative hún there. Say:
- Mér líkar við hana. (preferred for people) For things or activities, use bare líka: Mér líkar þetta lag.
Yes, Icelandic word order is flexible for emphasis or topic:
- Default and most common: Mér líkar kaffi.
- Emphatic/topic-fronting: Kaffi líkar mér (vel). Both are grammatical; the first is more neutral.
No article (indefinite) expresses liking something in general:
- Mér líkar kaffi = I like coffee (as a thing, in general). Definite form refers to a specific item or batch:
- Mér líkar kaffið = I like the coffee (this particular coffee).
- Henni líkar teið = She likes the tea (the specific tea).
Use an að-clause or a noun phrase:
- Mér líkar að drekka kaffi.
- Mér líkar að lesa. You can also say:
- Mér finnst gott að drekka kaffi. (I enjoy drinking coffee; literally it seems good to me to drink coffee.)
- Singular subject (3rd sg): líkaði
- Mér líkaði kaffi. (I liked coffee.)
- Plural subject (3rd pl): líkuðu
- Mér líkuðu þessir drykkir. (I liked these drinks.)
Yes, líka can be an adverb meaning also/too. Distinguish by role and position:
- Verb (liking): Mér líkar te.
- Adverb (also): Ég vil líka te. or Mér líkar líka te. When it’s the main verb, you’ll see agreement (líkar/líka) and a dative experiencer.
Put the name in the dative:
- Guðrúnu líkar te. (Guðrún likes tea.)
- Jóni líkar kaffi. (Jón likes coffee.) Many feminine names take -u in the dative; many masculine names take -i.
A very common pattern is to describe it as good to you:
- Mér finnst kaffi gott. (Literally: Coffee seems good to me.) This is natural and widely used to express likes and preferences.
- I: mér
- you (sg): þér
- he: honum
- she: henni
- it: því
- we: okkur
- you (pl): ykkur
- they: þeim
No; you need to indicate who likes it. If you want a general statement, supply a generic experiencer:
- Fólki líkar te. (People like tea.)
Use betur (better/more) and en (than):
- Mér líkar kaffi betur en te.
- Henni líkar te betur en kaffi.