Learn Hardcore Icelandic: Konan er mjög falleg.

kona is the indefinite form, meaning "a woman," while konan is the definite form, meaning "the woman." In Icelandic, the definite article is attached to the end of the noun, so "kona" + "n" becomes "konan."

Why is it falleg here and not fallegur or fallegt?

The adjective falleg agrees with the feminine noun konan in the nominative singular form. For a masculine noun, you'd typically see fallegur, and for a neuter noun, fallegt.

How do I pronounce mjög?

The word mjög has a specific Icelandic vowel sound for ö, which is pronounced a bit like the "u" in "burn" (in some British or Midwestern American accents). Also, remember the "g" is more like an English "k" or slightly softened, depending on the speaker.

What does er signify in this sentence?

The word er is the third-person singular present tense of the verb "to be" (vera) in Icelandic. It's equivalent to "is" in English.

Why is there no explicit 'very' word that looks like the English one?

The Icelandic word mjög directly translates to "very" in English. Even though it may look unfamiliar, it functions just like the English word "very," modifying adjectives to intensify their meaning.