A kijárat ott van a falnál.

Because a is the Hungarian definite article, equivalent to the.

• A kijárat = the exit
• a falnál = at/by the wall

Hungarian normally uses the article with each definite noun phrase, so it is completely normal to see it more than once in the same sentence.

That is a very common question. In Hungarian, van is often omitted in the present tense with noun or adjective predicates, but not usually with location.

So:

• A kijárat nagy. = The exit is big.
  Here van is omitted.

But:

• A kijárat ott van. = The exit is there.
• A kijárat a falnál van. = The exit is by the wall.

When you are saying where something is, van is normally kept.

Ott means there.

It is not strictly necessary if the location is already given by a falnál, so this is also grammatical:

• A kijárat a falnál van.

Adding ott makes the sentence feel more like pointing something out:

• The exit is there, by the wall.

So ott adds a deictic, pointing-like sense. It helps direct the listener’s attention.

Falnál is fal + -nál.

The suffix -nál / -nél means roughly:

• at
• by
• near
• at the place of

So:

• falnál = at/by the wall

The form is -nál here because fal contains a back vowel, and Hungarian suffixes follow vowel harmony.

• back-vowel word → -nál
• front-vowel word → -nél

Because those mean different things.

• a falnál = at/by the wall, near it
• a falon = on the wall, on its surface

So if something is attached to the wall, you would usually use falon.
If something is located next to the wall or at the wall, falnál is the better choice.

English at the wall can map to different Hungarian forms depending on the exact physical relationship.

They are similar, but not identical.

• a falnál = at/by the wall
• a fal mellett = beside/next to the wall

Mellett is a bit more explicitly spatial: it clearly means beside or next to.
-nál/-nél is a little broader and can mean at, by, or near.

In many contexts, both could work, but they do not always sound exactly the same.

Yes, A kijárat a falnál van is also correct.

Hungarian word order is flexible, and it often reflects focus or what is being highlighted, not just grammar.

• A kijárat a falnál van.
  A fairly neutral statement about location.

• A kijárat ott van a falnál.
  More like pointing it out: The exit is there, by the wall.

So the version with ott gives extra emphasis to the location.

Yes, although for learners it is best to memorize kijárat simply as a whole word meaning exit.

Still, its structure is helpful:

• ki- = out
• related to jár = go / walk
• -at / -et can form nouns

So historically and structurally, kijárat is connected to the idea of a way out or an exit. This can help you recognize related words with ki-, which often has an outward meaning.

A rough English-friendly guide is:

• A = aw / short ah
• kijárat ≈ KEE-yaa-rat
• ott ≈ ott with a short o and a held tt
• van ≈ vawn
• a falnál ≈ aw FAHL-naal

A few important points:

• Hungarian stress is almost always on the first syllable of each word.
• á is a long vowel.
• Double consonants like tt are pronounced longer than single ones.

You could, but it would mean something different.

• A kijárat = the exit
• Egy kijárat = an exit / one exit

So A kijárat ott van a falnál refers to a specific, identifiable exit.
If you said Egy kijárat ott van a falnál, it would sound more like you are introducing one exit among others, not pointing to a known one.

Usually yes, but its natural English translation depends on context.

In some sentences, it is literally there. In others, English may not need to translate it separately if the location is already clear.

Here it adds the sense of pointing something out, so there is a good match. But in natural translation, English might sometimes express the sentence without emphasizing there so strongly.