A magyar óra ma nehéz.

Because Hungarian often leaves out the verb to be in the present tense, third person when the predicate is an adjective or noun.

So:

• A magyar óra ma nehéz. = The Hungarian class is difficult today.

There is no separate word for is, but the sentence is still complete.

Compare:

• Én fáradt vagyok. = I am tired.
• Ő fáradt. = He/she is tired.

In the second sentence, Hungarian does not use van.

A is the definite article, so it means the.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant sound
• az before a vowel sound

Since magyar begins with m, a consonant, the sentence uses a:

• a magyar óra = the Hungarian class

If the next word began with a vowel, you would use az instead.

In Hungarian, names of languages, nationalities, and many related adjectives are normally not capitalized.

So Hungarian writes:

• magyar = Hungarian
• angol = English
• francia = French

This is different from English, where Hungarian is capitalized.

Here, magyar is lowercase because it is just a normal adjective in the middle of the sentence.

Here, magyar means Hungarian and works as an adjective modifying óra.

So:

• magyar óra = Hungarian class / Hungarian lesson

The word magyar can also be a noun in other contexts, for example:

• egy magyar = a Hungarian person
• a magyar = the Hungarian person

So the exact meaning depends on context. In this sentence, it is clearly adjectival.

That is a very common and useful point. Óra can mean several related things:

• hour
• clock / watch
• lesson / class period

In school contexts, óra often means class or lesson.

So:

• magyar óra = Hungarian lesson
• angolóra / angol óra = English class
• zeneóra = music class

The idea is basically the class period for that subject.

It can mean both.

• With physical objects, nehéz often means heavy.
• With tasks, classes, problems, or situations, it often means difficult / hard.

So:

• A táska nehéz. = The bag is heavy.
• A feladat nehéz. = The exercise is difficult.

In A magyar óra ma nehéz, the context is a class, so nehéz means difficult, not heavy.

Because Hungarian does not have grammatical gender like English learners might expect from some other European languages.

So there is no masculine/feminine change. A predicate adjective like nehéz stays in its basic form here because the subject is singular.

• A könyv nehéz. = The book is heavy/difficult
• Az óra nehéz. = The class is difficult

If the subject were plural, the adjective would usually be plural too:

• Az órák nehezek. = The classes are difficult.

But in the singular sentence here, nehéz is exactly the form you want.

Yes, Hungarian word order is flexible, but different orders create different emphasis.

The version here:

• A magyar óra ma nehéz.

is a natural, neutral way to say The Hungarian class is difficult today.

You can also say:

• Ma nehéz a magyar óra.

This puts more emphasis on today.

Hungarian often uses word order to show what is the topic and what is the important or focused part of the sentence, so word order is not as fixed as in English.

Yes. In native Hungarian, especially in school contexts, magyaróra as one word is very common.

So you may see both:

• magyar óra
• magyaróra

The one-word form is common when the meaning is the school subject or lesson as a fixed concept. The spaced form is very easy to understand and is often used in simple learner material because it clearly shows magyar + óra.

So if you later meet A magyaróra ma nehéz, do not be surprised.

A rough English-friendly approximation is MAH-dyar.

A few helpful points:

• gy is a soft sound, something like dy in during for many English speakers
• both a vowels are short and clear
• the stress in Hungarian is always on the first syllable

So:

• magyar ≈ MAH-dyar

And the whole sentence is roughly:

• A magyar óra ma nehéz
• aw MAH-dyar OH-rah ma NEH-hayz

That is only an approximation, but it is a good start.