Az arány fontos.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant sound
• az before a vowel sound

Because arány begins with a vowel, you say az arány.

Compare:

• a ház = the house
• az autó = the car

Arány most often means ratio, proportion, or sometimes balance/proper proportion, depending on context.

So Az arány fontos could mean things like:

• The ratio is important.
• The proportion is important.
• Balance is important.
  (in some contexts, a looser translation)

Hungarian words often cover a range of meanings that English splits into several words, so context matters.

In Hungarian, the verb van = to be is usually left out in the third person singular and plural present tense when connecting a subject with a noun, adjective, or similar predicate.

So:

• Az arány fontos. = The proportion is important.

Literally, there is no spoken/written is here, but the meaning includes it naturally.

Compare:

• Én fontos vagyok. = I am important.
• Te fontos vagy. = You are important.
• Az arány fontos. = The proportion is important.

In the third person present, Hungarian normally omits van in this kind of sentence.

Fontos is an adjective meaning important.

In this sentence, it works as the predicate adjective:

• Az arány = the subject
• fontos = describes the subject

So the structure is basically:

• Az arány
  • fontos
• The proportion
  • important
• understood as The proportion is important

No. In Hungarian, adjectives do not agree with the noun in this kind of sentence the way they do in some other languages.

So:

• Az arány fontos. = The proportion is important.
• Az arányok fontosak. = The proportions are important.

Notice something important here:

• In attributive position (before a noun), adjectives usually stay unchanged:
  fontos arány = important proportion
• In predicate position (as in your sentence), the adjective can take plural marking if the subject is plural:
  Az arányok fontosak.

So in your sentence, singular arány matches naturally with singular fontos.

Yes. This is a very natural, neutral word order.

Hungarian often organizes sentences by topic + comment:

• Az arány = what we are talking about
• fontos = what we say about it

So Az arány fontos is a straightforward neutral sentence:
As for the proportion, it is important.

You could also say:

• Fontos az arány.

This puts more emphasis on important, something like:

• The proportion is important.
• What matters is the proportion.

Both are correct, but the emphasis is slightly different.

A rough pronunciation is:

• az ≈ awz
• arány ≈ uh-RAANY
• fontos ≈ FON-tosh

More carefully:

• a in az is like a short open o/a sound
• á in arány is a long vowel
• ny is like the ny in canyon or Spanish ñ
• s in fontos is pronounced like English sh

A rough IPA version is:

• Az arány fontos. → /ɒz ˈɒraːɲ ˈfontoʃ/

Ny is a single Hungarian consonant, not just n + y separately.

It represents a sound similar to:

• the ny in canyon
• Spanish ñ in señor

So arány does not end with a plain English n sound. The ending is softer and more palatal.

This is an important spelling pattern in Hungarian. Other common digraphs include:

• sz = s
• zs = like s in measure
• cs = ch
• gy, ty, ly, ny

Az is the definite article, so az arány most directly means:

• the proportion
• the ratio

It is not the normal way to say a proportion in a simple, specific sense. For that, you would usually use no article or a different structure depending on context.

However, Hungarian often uses the definite article in places where English might be more flexible, especially in general statements or when the referent is understood from context. So the most natural English translation can sometimes depend on the situation.

You add nem before the adjective:

• Az arány nem fontos. = The proportion is not important.

This is the standard way to negate a sentence like this.

You can say:

• Az arány fontos? = Is the proportion important?

In speech, intonation helps show that it is a question. In writing, the question mark does the job.

Hungarian does not need to move a word like is to the front, because there is no overt is here in the first place.

Yes. The plural is:

• arányok = proportions / ratios

Then the sentence becomes:

• Az arányok fontosak. = The proportions are important.

Notice both changes:

• arány → arányok for plural noun
• fontos → fontosak for plural predicate adjective

Yes, it can, depending on context.

Although az arány literally looks like the proportion, Hungarian often uses the definite article in ways that sound more general than English might expect. So in the right context, Az arány fontos can mean something closer to:

• Proportion is important.
• Getting the proportions right is important.

But if you are translating it out of context, The proportion is important is the safest basic rendering.