Ezt a terméket választom.

In Hungarian, when a demonstrative like ez/ezt (this) comes before a noun, you normally also use the definite article:

• ez a termék = this product
• ezt a terméket = this product (as a direct object)

So Hungarian says, literally, something like this the product. That is normal Hungarian structure.

No. Hungarian a here means the, not English a.

Hungarian has two forms of the definite article:

• a before a consonant: a termék
• az before a vowel: az alma

So in ezt a terméket, the a is the definite article the, used because terméket begins with a consonant.

Because the noun phrase is the direct object of the verb.

• ez a termék = this product (subject form / basic form)
• ezt a terméket = this product (object form)

Hungarian marks direct objects with the accusative, usually with -t. The demonstrative changes too, so:

• ez → ezt
• az → azt

Because termék is the direct object, and Hungarian usually adds the accusative ending -t to direct objects.

So:

• termék = product
• terméket = product as the thing being chosen

This is one of the most basic Hungarian case endings.

Because in Hungarian, the demonstrative and the noun phrase match each other.

If the noun is in the accusative, the demonstrative also shows that:

• ez a termék = this product
• ezt a terméket = this product (object)

This matching is very common in Hungarian.

Because Hungarian has two kinds of verb conjugation in many verbs:

• indefinite conjugation: used when there is no definite object, or the object is indefinite
• definite conjugation: used when the object is definite

Here the object is definite: ezt a terméket = this product, so Hungarian uses the definite form:

• választok = I choose / I am choosing (something, not specifically definite)
• választom = I choose it / I choose the specific one

So Ezt a terméket választom uses the definite conjugation because the speaker is choosing a specific product.

The dictionary form is választani, meaning to choose.

Related forms:

• választani = to choose
• választ = he/she chooses
• választok = I choose (indefinite)
• választom = I choose it / I choose the specific one (definite)

Yes, that is the natural meaning.

More literally, the structure is:

• ezt a terméket = this product (as object)
• választom = I choose it

So the full sense is I choose this product.

Because Hungarian verbs usually already show the subject.

In választom, the ending tells you the subject is I. So én is not necessary.

You can add it for emphasis:

• Ezt a terméket választom. = I choose this product.
• Én ezt a terméket választom. = I choose this product. / As for me, I choose this product.

Yes, but Hungarian word order is more flexible than English word order.

Ezt a terméket választom is a very natural sentence. It can sound like the object is somewhat highlighted: This product is the one I choose / I choose this product.

Hungarian often places the most important or focused element before the verb.

Other word orders are possible, but they may sound different in emphasis. For a learner, Ezt a terméket választom is a perfectly good standard sentence.

No, that is incorrect.

If the noun phrase is the direct object, you need the accusative forms:

• ezt
• terméket

So the correct sentence is:

• Ezt a terméket választom.

Not:

• Ez a termék választom.

It depends on the following word:

• a before a consonant: a termék
• az before a vowel: az alma

So:

• ez a termék = this product
• ez az alma = this apple

And in the accusative:

• ezt a terméket
• ezt az almát

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation guide is:

est a tehr-may-ket vaa-losh-tom

A few notes:

• sz is pronounced like English s
• s is pronounced like English sh
• é is a long ay-like sound
• á is a long open vowel, somewhat like a in father, but not exactly the same

So választom is not pronounced with an English s sound in the middle; the sz gives the s sound, while the final szt cluster works as written in Hungarian spelling.

Yes. Hungarian present tense often covers both simple present and present continuous, depending on context.

So Ezt a terméket választom can mean:

• I choose this product
• I am choosing this product

Context tells you which is more natural.