Azért jövök kontrollvizsgálatra, hogy a fogorvos ellenőrizze a tömést.

This is a very common Hungarian pattern meaning for the purpose of / so that.

• azért = for that reason / for that purpose
• hogy = that / so that

So:

• Azért jövök ..., hogy ...
  = I’m coming ... so that ...

In this sentence, azért points forward to the hogy clause. Hungarian often uses both parts together to show purpose very clearly.

Yes, jövök is the 1st person singular present form of jön = to come.

Hungarian often uses the present tense where English might use:

• I’m coming
• I’m going to come
• I come

depending on context.

Here, jövök can naturally mean I’m coming or I’m here/coming for a check-up. It does not have to mean a habitual action.

Both jön (come) and megy (go) depend on perspective, just like in English.

• jövök = I’m coming
• megyek = I’m going

If the speaker is talking from the perspective of the clinic/dentist’s office, or speaking to someone there, jövök makes sense: I’m coming in for a check-up.

If the perspective were different, megyek kontrollvizsgálatra could also be possible in another context.

Because the verb phrase here implies movement to/for an event or purpose, and Hungarian uses the ending -ra/-re in many such cases.

• kontrollvizsgálat = check-up / follow-up examination
• kontrollvizsgálatra = to/for a check-up

This is the sublative case ending -ra.

In medical contexts, Hungarian often says:

• vizsgálatra megyek/jövök = I’m going/coming for an examination
• kontrollra megyek/jövök = I’m going/coming for a follow-up/check-up

So kontrollvizsgálatra is very natural here.

Exactly. Hungarian very often forms compound nouns.

Here:

• kontroll = check / follow-up / control
• vizsgálat = examination

Together:

• kontrollvizsgálat = follow-up examination / check-up

Writing it as one word is normal Hungarian spelling.

In Hungarian, articles are often omitted in expressions like go/come for X, especially when the noun refers to the type of appointment rather than one specifically identified item.

So:

• jövök kontrollvizsgálatra = I’m coming for a check-up

This sounds natural and general.

If you said a kontrollvizsgálatra, it would sound more like for the specific check-up already known in the conversation.

Because after hogy in a purpose clause, Hungarian very often uses the subjunctive/imperative form.

Compare:

• ellenőrzi = he/she checks
• ellenőrizze = that he/she check / so that he/she can check

In English, we usually do not notice this as a special verb form, but in Hungarian it is important.

So:

• hogy a fogorvos ellenőrizze a tömést
  = so that the dentist can check the filling

This is one of the most common reasons learners meet the Hungarian subjunctive.

It is:

• verb: ellenőriz = to check
• mood: imperative/subjunctive
• person/number: 3rd person singular
• conjugation: definite

So ellenőrizze means something like:

• that he/she check it
• so that he/she checks it

The reason it is definite is that the object is definite: a tömést = the filling.

That is just how Hungarian grammar works: the same set of forms covers meanings that English separates into several patterns.

So a form like ellenőrizze can mean different things depending on context:

• command/request: Let him/her check it
• purpose clause: so that he/she check it
• wish/possibility in certain structures

In this sentence, because it follows hogy and expresses purpose, learners should understand it as a subjunctive-like meaning: so that the dentist can check the filling.

Hungarian often uses the definite article where English also uses one, and sometimes even where English might omit it.

Here, a fogorvos means the dentist, referring to the relevant dentist in the situation. That sounds completely natural.

Without the article, fogorvos would usually not fit this sentence.

In dental context, tömés means filling: the material used to fill a cavity, or the dental filling itself.

So:

• a tömés = the filling
• a tömést = the filling as the object of the verb

The -t is the accusative ending, which marks the direct object.

• a tömés = the filling
• a tömést = the filling as something being checked

Since the dentist is checking the filling, Hungarian marks it as the object with -t.

Hungarian verbs have two main conjugation patterns:

• indefinite conjugation
• definite conjugation

If the verb has a definite direct object, Hungarian usually uses the definite verb form.

Here the object is:

• a tömést = the filling

Because it is definite, the sentence uses the definite subjunctive form:

• ellenőrizze

This is a very important feature of Hungarian grammar.

Yes, the sentence can work without it:

• Jövök kontrollvizsgálatra, hogy a fogorvos ellenőrizze a tömést.

That would still be correct.

Adding azért makes the purpose relationship more explicit and often more natural:

• Azért jövök ..., hogy ...
  = I’m coming ... so that ... / The reason I’m coming is that ...

So azért adds emphasis to the purpose.

Hungarian word order is flexible, but it is strongly linked to focus and information structure.

This version is neutral and natural:

• Azért jövök kontrollvizsgálatra, hogy ...

It highlights the purpose right away.

Other word orders may be possible, but they can change emphasis. For example, moving words around might stress:

• that I am coming
• that it is a check-up
• that the purpose is specifically to check the filling

So the given order is a good standard, natural one.

Here it is specifically introducing a purpose clause, so in English so that is the best match.

Hungarian hogy is very common and can correspond to several English words, including:

• that
• so that
• sometimes just a clause marker with no direct single-word equivalent

In this sentence, because the clause explains the purpose of coming, so that is the right interpretation.

It sounds neutral and natural, especially in a medical context.

Words like:

• kontrollvizsgálat
• fogorvos
• ellenőrizze
• tömés

make it sound appropriate for normal adult conversation, including talking to clinic staff or explaining the reason for an appointment.

A more casual speaker might shorten it in everyday speech, but this sentence is perfectly normal and clear.