A pokróc a földön van.

Both a words are the Hungarian definite article, meaning the.

• A pokróc = the blanket
• a földön = on the ground / on the floor

English has one the before each noun phrase too, but because Hungarian uses a case ending on földön, it can look unusual at first.

Pokróc usually means blanket or rough blanket. Depending on context, it can sound a bit more like a practical blanket or throw than a soft bed blanket.

It does not normally mean carpet or rug.

The ending -on / -en / -ön is a location suffix meaning on something.

So:

• föld = ground / earth / floor
• földön = on the ground / on the floor

This is one of the ways Hungarian expresses location, where English would usually use a separate preposition like on.

Hungarian suffixes often change form because of vowel harmony and sound patterns.

The noun föld contains the front rounded vowel ö, so the form -ön is used:

• föld + -ön = földön

You often just have to learn which variant a noun takes, but the vowel type gives you a strong clue.

Van is the he/she/it is form of lenni (to be).

So in this sentence:

• A pokróc a földön van = The blanket is on the ground

Here van is needed because the sentence is expressing location.

In Hungarian, van is often omitted in the present tense when you are simply identifying or describing something:

• A pokróc puha. = The blanket is soft.
• Ez pokróc. = This is a blanket. (more naturally Ez egy pokróc.)

But with location, Hungarian normally keeps van:

• A pokróc a földön van.

So this is a case where English and Hungarian both use is.

Because Hungarian usually uses suffixes instead of English-style prepositions.

English:

• on the ground

Hungarian:

• a föld-ön

So the idea of on is built into the ending -ön.

No, Hungarian word order is fairly flexible, and changing it often changes emphasis rather than basic meaning.

For example:

• A pokróc a földön van. = neutral: The blanket is on the ground.
• A földön van a pokróc. = emphasizes the location: It’s on the ground that the blanket is.

So the sentence you were given is a normal, neutral way to say it.

Because pokróc is the subject of the sentence, and Hungarian subjects are usually in the basic dictionary form, with no special ending.

So:

• pokróc = subject, unchanged
• földön = location, marked with a suffix

This is similar to English, where blanket also stays unchanged in The blanket is on the ground.

It can mean either, depending on context.

• föld can mean earth, ground, soil
• in some contexts, földön can also be understood as on the floor

If you want to be more specifically on the floor indoors, Hungarian often uses padló:

• A pokróc a padlón van.

Usually yes in a sentence like this.

• a földön = on the ground
• földön without the article is generally not the normal choice here

Hungarian often uses the definite article with nouns in location expressions when English learners might not expect it.

A rough guide:

• föld sounds somewhat like furld with a rounded vowel
• ö is like the vowel in German schön or French peu, not a normal English o
• földön is roughly FURL-durn or FØL-døn, though those are only approximations

The ö sound is one English speakers often need to practice separately.

If there is more than one blanket, you would say:

• A pokrócok a földön vannak. = The blankets are on the ground.

Changes:

• pokróc → pokrócok (blankets)
• van → vannak (are)

So both the noun and the verb change in the plural.