A zsák tele van.

A is the Hungarian definite article, equivalent to the.

Hungarian has two forms:

• a before a consonant sound
• az before a vowel sound

zsák begins with zs, which is a consonant sound, so it must be a zsák.

zs is pronounced like the s in measure or the g in genre: /ʒ/.

So zsák is approximately:

• /ʒaːk/
• roughly zhaak in English-style spelling

Also:

• á is a long vowel
• the accent mark means the vowel is held longer than a

Tele means full.

In this sentence, tele van works together as the idea is full.

So you can think of:

• tele = full
• van = is

But in practice, learners should memorize tele van as a common unit meaning to be full.

That is a very good question.

With many noun or adjective predicates, Hungarian does drop van in the 3rd person singular present:

• A zsák nagy. = The bag is big.
• A ház régi. = The house is old.

But tele is different. In standard Hungarian, the natural expression is tele van.

So:

• A zsák tele van. = natural
• A zsák tele. = unusual, incomplete-sounding, or poetic

So even though Hungarian often omits is, with tele you normally keep van.

In a neutral affirmative sentence, the normal order is tele van.

That is the standard pattern:

• A zsák tele van.

You can think of tele here as behaving a bit like a preverbal element that normally stands before the verb.

But in other sentence types, the order can change. For example, in negation:

• A zsák nincs tele. = The bag is not full.

So for a basic positive statement, just learn:

• tele van = is full

They are closely related, but tele van is the standard expression to learn for this pattern.

A useful rule for learners is:

• tele van = the normal phrase for is full
• teli is also common, especially before a noun or in everyday speech

For example:

• egy teli zsák = a full bag

Some speakers also say teli van, but tele van is the safest standard form to memorize first.

A very common way is:

• A zsák tele van almával.

Here almával means with apples / of apples in this construction.

So after tele van, Hungarian often uses -val / -vel for the thing that fills something.

Another common word order is:

• A zsák almával van tele.

Both mean:

• The bag is full of apples.

Only van changes. Tele stays the same.

Examples:

• A zsák tele van. = The bag is full.
• A zsákok tele vannak. = The bags are full.
• A zsák tele volt. = The bag was full.
• A zsákok tele voltak. = The bags were full.

So the important pattern is:

• tele van
• tele vannak
• tele volt
• tele voltak

Not always exactly.

Zsák often means a sack, bag, or something bag-like, especially a larger or softer container such as a cloth, paper, or storage bag.

Depending on context, English might translate it as:

• bag
• sack

So the exact best English word depends on the situation, but the Hungarian sentence itself is completely natural.