בדירה החדשה יש מסדרון ארוך וחצר קטנה.

Because the preposition ב (in) usually attaches directly to the next word, and when it comes before the definite article ה, they combine.

So:

• ב + דירה = בדירה = in an apartment
• ב + ה + דירה = בדירה in unpointed spelling, but pronounced like ba-dira = in the apartment

In this sentence, it means in the apartment, and the adjective החדשה shows that the noun phrase is definite: the new apartment.

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• דירה חדשה = a new apartment
• הדירה החדשה = the new apartment

This is different from English, where adjectives usually come before the noun.

Because in Hebrew, if a noun is definite, its adjective must also be definite.

So:

• דירה חדשה = a new apartment
• הדירה החדשה = the new apartment

The same rule applies throughout Hebrew: the adjective matches the noun in:

• gender
• number
• definiteness

Here, דירה is definite, so חדשה becomes החדשה.

יש means there is or there are.

So the structure:

• בדירה החדשה יש...

means:

• In the new apartment there is/there are...

Hebrew often uses יש to express existence or presence. It does not change for singular vs. plural in the present tense.

For example:

• יש חדר = there is a room
• יש חדרים = there are rooms

Because after יש, Hebrew usually introduces things as indefinite unless you have a special reason to make them definite.

So:

• יש מסדרון ארוך = there is a long corridor
• יש חצר קטנה = there is a small yard

This sounds natural.

Using יש with a definite noun is much less common and often requires a different structure or special context. In this sentence, the idea is simply that the apartment contains these features, so indefinite nouns are the normal choice.

Because Hebrew adjectives must agree with the noun in gender and number.

• מסדרון is masculine singular, so the adjective is ארוך
• חצר is feminine singular, so the adjective is קטנה

So:

• מסדרון ארוך = a long corridor
• חצר קטנה = a small yard

This agreement is a very important part of Hebrew grammar.

Unfortunately, you often just have to learn a noun’s gender as part of the word.

Some patterns help:

• many feminine nouns end in -ה or -ת
• many masculine nouns have no special ending

But this is not always predictable. חצר is feminine even though it does not end in -ה.

A good habit is to learn nouns together with an adjective or numeral, so the gender becomes easier to remember.

In present-tense Hebrew, the verb to be is usually omitted.

So:

• המסדרון ארוך literally looks like the corridor long
• but it means the corridor is long

Likewise:

• חצר קטנה = a small yard
• or in a full sentence, החצר קטנה = the yard is small

In your sentence, these are noun phrases after יש, so no separate word for is is needed.

Because יש does not change for number in the present tense. It works for both there is and there are.

So Hebrew says:

• יש מסדרון = there is a corridor
• יש מסדרון וחצר = there is/are a corridor and a yard

In natural English we say there are when listing two things, but Hebrew still uses the same word: יש.

Yes. Hebrew often allows both:

• בדירה החדשה יש מסדרון ארוך וחצר קטנה
• יש בדירה החדשה מסדרון ארוך וחצר קטנה

Both are possible, but the version with בדירה החדשה first naturally sets the scene: In the new apartment...

That word order is very common when you want to start with the location.