הוא לוקח כפית, אבל אני מעדיפה כפית גדולה יותר.

Because Hebrew present-tense verbs agree with the gender of the subject.

אני means I for both men and women, so the verb shows the speaker’s gender:

• אני מעדיפה = I prefer (said by a woman)
• אני מעדיף = I prefer (said by a man)

So this sentence is being said by a female speaker.

לוקח is the masculine singular present-tense form of the verb לקחת = to take.

In context, it can mean:

• he takes
• he is taking

Hebrew present tense often covers both the simple present and the present continuous, so the exact English translation depends on context.

Hebrew has no indefinite article, so there is no separate word for a or an.

So:

• כפית = a spoon / a teaspoon
• הכפית = the spoon / the teaspoon

The ה־ at the beginning is the definite article the.

Because את is usually used before a definite direct object, not an indefinite one.

Here the object is indefinite:

• הוא לוקח כפית = He takes a spoon

If it were definite, you would normally say:

• הוא לוקח את הכפית = He takes the spoon

So the absence of את tells you the spoon is not a specific, already-identified one.

כפית literally often means teaspoon, but in everyday use it can also mean a small spoon.

So depending on context, English might translate it as:

• spoon
• teaspoon
• small spoon

It is also a feminine noun, which matters for agreement with adjectives.

In Hebrew, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• כפית גדולה = a big spoon
• ילד קטן = a small boy
• מכונית חדשה = a new car

This is one of the basic word-order differences between Hebrew and English.

Because כפית is a feminine singular noun, and adjectives in Hebrew must agree with the noun in gender and number.

So:

• כפית גדולה = feminine singular
• ספר גדול = masculine singular
• כפיות גדולות = feminine plural
• ספרים גדולים = masculine plural

Since כפית is feminine singular, גדולה is the correct form.

יותר is used to make a comparison, like more or -er in English.

So:

• גדולה = big
• גדולה יותר = bigger / larger

Hebrew often forms comparatives this way:

• מהיר יותר = faster
• יפה יותר = more beautiful
• קטן יותר = smaller

If you want to say what something is bigger than, Hebrew usually uses מ־:

• כפית גדולה יותר מכפית אחרת = a spoon bigger than another spoon

Yes. Both כפית גדולה יותר and כפית יותר גדולה are used.

They both mean a bigger spoon. The version in your sentence, גדולה יותר, is completely natural and common.

So if you see either order, do not be surprised.

Yes. Hebrew present tense often does the job of both.

So:

• הוא לוקח כפית can mean he takes a spoon or he is taking a spoon
• אני מעדיפה כפית גדולה יותר can mean I prefer a bigger spoon

In English, I am preferring sounds unusual, so I prefer is the natural translation there.

Hebrew often repeats the noun where English might use one.

So אני מעדיפה כפית גדולה יותר is very natural.

If you want something closer to a bigger one, you could say:

• אבל אני מעדיפה אחת גדולה יותר

Because כפית is feminine, one here would be אחת.

Still, repeating כפית is clear and normal Hebrew.

Only the first-person present-tense verb form would change:

• female speaker: אני מעדיפה
• male speaker: אני מעדיף

So the male version would be:

• הוא לוקח כפית, אבל אני מעדיף כפית גדולה יותר.

Everything else stays the same.