Όλοι είναι παρόντες.

Here, όλοι means everyone / all of them.

Grammatically, it is the word όλος (whole, all) used on its own, without a noun after it. So it works a bit like a pronoun here.

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες. = Everyone is present.
• Όλοι οι μαθητές είναι παρόντες. = All the students are present.

So in this sentence, όλοι is basically standing for all the people.

Because Greek is expressing the idea as all people, not as a grammatically singular word like English everyone.

In English:

• Everyone is present. → singular verb

In Greek:

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες. → literally more like All are present or All the people are present

So even though the English translation may use singular everyone, Greek uses a plural form here.

Not necessarily. In Greek, the masculine plural is often used for:

• a group of men
• a mixed group of men and women
• a group whose gender is unspecified

So όλοι does not have to mean all men only. It can also mean everyone in a general sense.

If the group is all female, you would normally say:

• Όλες είναι παρούσες. = All are present / Everyone is present (for women)

Είναι is the present-tense form of είμαι, which means to be.

So the sentence is built very simply:

• Όλοι = everyone / all
• είναι = are
• παρόντες = present

So literally:

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες. = All are present.

Here it is functioning as plural, because the subject όλοι is plural.

A useful thing to know is that in Modern Greek, είναι is the form for both:

• he/she/it is
• they are

So the form itself does not change. You understand whether it means is or are from the subject.

Examples:

• Αυτός είναι εδώ. = He is here.
• Όλοι είναι εδώ. = They are all here.

Because παρόντες has to agree with όλοι.

Παρών means present in the masculine singular form. But here the subject is masculine plural, so the adjective must also be masculine plural:

• παρών = present (masculine singular)
• παρόντες = present (masculine plural)

This is normal Greek adjective agreement: adjectives match the noun or pronoun in gender and number.

The adjective and the word for all would change to match the gender and number.

Examples:

• Όλες είναι παρούσες. = All are present. (all women)
• Όλα είναι παρόντα. = All are present. (neuter plural, usually things)

So the pattern is:

• όλοι / παρόντες → masculine plural
• όλες / παρούσες → feminine plural
• όλα / παρόντα → neuter plural

Because όλοι is being used by itself, as everyone / all of them. In that use, you do not say οι όλοι.

You would use the article when όλοι comes before a noun:

• Όλοι οι φοιτητές είναι παρόντες. = All the students are present.

But when the noun is omitted and όλοι stands alone, just use:

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες.

In this sentence, it works as an adjective meaning present.

More specifically, it is a predicate adjective, because it comes after the verb είναι and describes the subject:

• subject: Όλοι
• verb: είναι
• predicate adjective: παρόντες

This is the same basic idea as in English:

• They are happy.
• They are ready.
• They are present.

Greek does the same kind of thing here.

Yes. Greek word order is more flexible than English word order, although not completely free.

The most neutral version is:

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες.

But you may also hear or see other orders for emphasis, such as:

• Παρόντες είναι όλοι. = Everyone is present / It’s everyone who is present
• Είναι όλοι παρόντες; = Is everyone present?

So the standard order for learning is subject + verb + adjective, but other orders are possible depending on emphasis or sentence type.

It is fairly natural, but it can sound a little formal or attendance-related, like something you might hear:

• in class
• at a meeting
• during roll call
• in an official setting

A more everyday way to express a similar idea might be:

• Όλοι είναι εδώ. = Everyone is here.

So παρόντες is perfectly normal, but it often has the feeling of present/absent in an attendance sense.

In a normal full sentence, you should keep είναι:

• Όλοι είναι παρόντες.

In some very short notes, announcements, or headline-like styles, Greek may omit words more freely, but for standard learning and normal sentence building, use the verb.

So if you are producing a full sentence, don’t drop it.

A simple approximation is:

OH-lee EE-neh pa-RON-des

A few useful notes:

• Όλοι → stress on the first syllable: Ό
• είναι → stress on εί
• παρόντες → stress on ρό

The accent marks show you where the stress goes.

Also:

• αι in είναι sounds like e
• the ντ sound in παρόντες is often pronounced like d or nd, depending on the speaker

So you may hear something close to:

OH-lee EE-ne pa-RON-des